What do we know about Al-Jazari’s inventions?
Al-Jazari designed bloodletting devices, fountains, musical automatons; water-raising machines; and machines for measuring.
One of his most famous devices is an enormous water clock that featured an elephant carrying his driver and a tower filled with creatures . Simple water clocks had been used in ancient Egypt and Babylonia, but al-Jazari’s intricate invention clearly expresses his ambition to perfect them. The creatures represent different cultures, like the dragons from China and the elephant of India. Every half hour, the internal mechanisms activate: The bird atop the dome whistles, a man drops a ball into a dragon’s mouth, and the elephant driver strikes the beast’s head.
Most of his innovations were centuries ahead of the achievements of European science. His work on conical valves—a key component in hydraulic engineering—was first mentioned in Europe more than two centuries later by Leonardo da Vinci.
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