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2022-12-15 20:19:59 What is FIFA World Cup?

Since its creation in 1904, FIFA claimed rights to hold another world championship for the sport outside the Olympics.

As then only amateur players were allowed to participate at the Olympics, with the growing number of professional players such tournament was the need of the hour.

At the FIFA Congress held in Amsterdam on May 28, 1928, the federation officially decided to organize its own world championships. The day officially marked the birth of the FIFA World Cup.

The FIFA World Cup is international flagship tournament that takes place every four years, where national teams compete to determine which country has the best soccer team in the world.

Since 1930 World Cups have been played, only skipping tournaments slated for 1942 and 1946 because of World War II.

It's one of the most watched sports competitions globally. More than 3.5 billion viewers tuned into the 2018 World Cup in Russia , and 1.12 billion watched the final.

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2022-12-14 09:29:55 What are official dimensions and markings of a soccer field?

According to IFAB and FIFA the recommended dimensions of a soccer field for competition:
• Length (touchline): 90-120 meters (100-130 yards)
• Width (goal line): 45-90 meters (50-100 yards)

For international competition the official dimensions are:
• Length: 100-110 meters (110-120 yards)
• Width: 64-75 meters (70-80 yards)

The field of play must be rectangular and marked with continuous lines which must not be dangerous.

The two longer boundary lines are the touchlines.

The two shorter lines are the goal lines.

The field of play is divided into two halves by a halfway line.

The mark in the center of the field is at the midpoint of the halfway line and a circle with a radius of 9.15 m (10 yds) is marked around it.

All lines must be of the same width, which must not be more than 12 cm (5 inches) and the goal lines must be of the same width as the goalposts and the crossbar.

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2022-12-13 18:22:52 What is IFAB?

The IFAB is the International Football Association Board.

While FIFA is the governing body of international soccer, the IFAB plays the role of rule-maker and modifier for the game. IFAB maintains or amends the rules, and FIFA actively enforces them. The two organizations have worked together to ensure the integrity of international soccer, futsal, and beach soccer for over 100 years.

The IFAB was founded in 1886 by the four British football associations (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland) as the worldwide body for developing and preserving the Laws of the Game.

Today the IFAB is comprised of the football associations with vote each, and FIFA, covering the remaining national associations, with votes. In this way, all five bodies ensure that Laws of the Game are preserved respecting football’s traditions as well as its international reality. Passing a motion requires a three-quarters majority.

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2022-12-12 22:10:43 What is FIFA?

The birth of the Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) was a result of the growing number of international games shortly after the dawn of the 20th century. Soccer leaders in Europe felt that such expanded competition required a governing body.

FIFA was established on May 21, 1904, by seven national associations — Belgium, Denmark, France, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland — to “promote the game of Association Football (as opposed to rugby or American football), to foster friendly relations among National Associations, Confederations, and their officials and players, by promoting the organization of football matches at all levels, and to control every type of association football by taking steps as shall be deemed necessary or advisable.”

Founded in 1904, FIFA boasts now 211 members, rivaling that of the United Nations , and is arguably the most prestigious sports organization in the world.

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2022-12-09 20:57:49 Open / Comment

2022-12-08 17:49:41 Open / Comment

2022-12-07 19:29:28 What is da Vinci’s Robotic Knight?

With his innovative, engineering mind, Leonardo da Vinci had many ideas that employed the use of pulleys, weights and gears, three components crucial to many of his automated inventions.

One of da Vinci’s inventions is his Robotic Knight.

According to historical sources, it was designed for a pageant in Milan and consisted of a knight suit filled with gears and wheels that were connected to an elaborate pulley and cable system. Through these mechanisms, this Robotic Knight was capable of independent motion - sitting down, standing up, moving its head and lifting its visor.

Though a full drawing of da Vinci’s robotic knight has never been recovered, a famous modern roboticist Mark Rosheim used several different da Vinci drawings as blueprints to build a prototype of the Robotic knight in 2002, which was able to walk and wave . Rosheim also used da Vinci’s designs as inspiration for robots he developed for NASA.

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2022-12-06 17:21:56 What do we know about Al-Jazari’s inventions?

Al-Jazari designed bloodletting devices, fountains, musical automatons; water-raising machines; and machines for measuring.

One of his most famous devices is an enormous water clock that featured an elephant carrying his driver and a tower filled with creatures . Simple water clocks had been used in ancient Egypt and Babylonia, but al-Jazari’s intricate invention clearly expresses his ambition to perfect them. The creatures represent different cultures, like the dragons from China and the elephant of India. Every half hour, the internal mechanisms activate: The bird atop the dome whistles, a man drops a ball into a dragon’s mouth, and the elephant driver strikes the beast’s head.

Most of his innovations were centuries ahead of the achievements of European science. His work on conical valves—a key component in hydraulic engineering—was first mentioned in Europe more than two centuries later by Leonardo da Vinci.

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2022-12-05 19:22:41 Open / Comment

2022-12-01 20:23:41 Who is known as the “Father of industrial robotics”?

Although the first robot manipulator was invented by George Devol, many experts called another person the “Father of industrial robotics”.

This “Father” is an American physicist, engineer and entrepreneur Joseph Engelberger (1925-2015) .

In the late 1960s, Engelberger acquired Devol's robot patent to modify it into an industrial robot and form a company called Unimation to produce and market the robots.

After leaving Unimation, and seeing his parents age, Engelberger saw an opportunity for robotics to improve the medical field. He founded Transitions Research Corporation in 1984, selling in 1988 the first HelpMate unit-a robot designed to deliver different supplies within hospitals. In the 1990s, over 100 hospitals worldwide were operating HelpMates. This success gained him even more recognition.

Even in his eighties he continued to work in the field of robotics, especially in the sub-field for elderly care.

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