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2022-02-19 15:39:00
(a) PITUITARY GLAND :-
Adenohypophysis ┊ ┊ ✯ ❥˙ ｡.....
Pars intermedia :- Produces only one hormone melanocyte stimulating hormone.
Pars distalis : • Growth hormone (GH) :- Oversecretion leads to gigantism and low secretion causes dwarfism.
• Prolaction (PRL) :- Growth of mammary glands and formation of milk in
them.
• Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) : - Stimulates synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones from thyroid gland.
• Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) :- Stimulates synthesis and secretion of steroid hormones called glucocorticoids from adrenal cortex.
• Luteinizing hormone (LH) :- Synthesis and secretion of hormones called androgens in males, and helps in ovulation and maintenance of corpus luteum in females.
• Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) : - Regulate spermatogenesis in males, and growth and development of ovarian follicles in females.
Neurohypophysis : Pars Nervosa :-
• Oxytocin helps in contraction of uterus during child birth and milk ejection from mammary gland in females.
• Vasopressin : - Acts on kidney and stimulates reabsorption of water and electrolytes by distal tubules to reduce water loss through urine. It is also called as Anti Diuretic Hormone (ADH).
✯ ❥˙ ｡..... NCERT
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2022-02-19 15:30:47
CHEMICAL COORDINATION AND
INTEGRATION Endocrine glands : These are ductless glands which secrete hormones directly into the blood
stream.
Hormones :- Non-nutrient chemicals, synthesised in trace amounts, acts as
intracellular messengers and are specific in their action.
Hypothalamus :-
• It is basal part of diencephalon.
• Has neurosecretory cells called nuclei which produce hormones to regulate the synthesis and secretion of pituitary gland hormones.
• Two types of hormones released are : -
Releasing hormones :- Stimulate secretion of pituitary hormones, e.g., Gonadotropin releasing hormone stimulates pituitary gland to synthesise gonadotrophins.
Inhibiting hormones :- Inhibit secretions of pituitary hormones, e.g., Somatostatin inhibits secretion of growth hormone.
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