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2022-12-12 22:10:43 What is FIFA?

The birth of the Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) was a result of the growing number of international games shortly after the dawn of the 20th century. Soccer leaders in Europe felt that such expanded competition required a governing body.

FIFA was established on May 21, 1904, by seven national associations — Belgium, Denmark, France, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland — to “promote the game of Association Football (as opposed to rugby or American football), to foster friendly relations among National Associations, Confederations, and their officials and players, by promoting the organization of football matches at all levels, and to control every type of association football by taking steps as shall be deemed necessary or advisable.”

Founded in 1904, FIFA boasts now 211 members, rivaling that of the United Nations , and is arguably the most prestigious sports organization in the world.

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2022-12-09 20:57:49 Open / Comment

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2022-12-07 19:29:28 What is da Vinci’s Robotic Knight?

With his innovative, engineering mind, Leonardo da Vinci had many ideas that employed the use of pulleys, weights and gears, three components crucial to many of his automated inventions.

One of da Vinci’s inventions is his Robotic Knight.

According to historical sources, it was designed for a pageant in Milan and consisted of a knight suit filled with gears and wheels that were connected to an elaborate pulley and cable system. Through these mechanisms, this Robotic Knight was capable of independent motion - sitting down, standing up, moving its head and lifting its visor.

Though a full drawing of da Vinci’s robotic knight has never been recovered, a famous modern roboticist Mark Rosheim used several different da Vinci drawings as blueprints to build a prototype of the Robotic knight in 2002, which was able to walk and wave . Rosheim also used da Vinci’s designs as inspiration for robots he developed for NASA.

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2022-12-06 17:21:56 What do we know about Al-Jazari’s inventions?

Al-Jazari designed bloodletting devices, fountains, musical automatons; water-raising machines; and machines for measuring.

One of his most famous devices is an enormous water clock that featured an elephant carrying his driver and a tower filled with creatures . Simple water clocks had been used in ancient Egypt and Babylonia, but al-Jazari’s intricate invention clearly expresses his ambition to perfect them. The creatures represent different cultures, like the dragons from China and the elephant of India. Every half hour, the internal mechanisms activate: The bird atop the dome whistles, a man drops a ball into a dragon’s mouth, and the elephant driver strikes the beast’s head.

Most of his innovations were centuries ahead of the achievements of European science. His work on conical valves—a key component in hydraulic engineering—was first mentioned in Europe more than two centuries later by Leonardo da Vinci.

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2022-12-05 19:22:41 Open / Comment

2022-12-01 20:23:41 Who is known as the “Father of industrial robotics”?

Although the first robot manipulator was invented by George Devol, many experts called another person the “Father of industrial robotics”.

This “Father” is an American physicist, engineer and entrepreneur Joseph Engelberger (1925-2015) .

In the late 1960s, Engelberger acquired Devol's robot patent to modify it into an industrial robot and form a company called Unimation to produce and market the robots.

After leaving Unimation, and seeing his parents age, Engelberger saw an opportunity for robotics to improve the medical field. He founded Transitions Research Corporation in 1984, selling in 1988 the first HelpMate unit-a robot designed to deliver different supplies within hospitals. In the 1990s, over 100 hospitals worldwide were operating HelpMates. This success gained him even more recognition.

Even in his eighties he continued to work in the field of robotics, especially in the sub-field for elderly care.

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2022-11-23 20:53:43 What is robotics and its laws?

Nowadays, robotics is defined as a branch of engineering that embraces conception, design, manufacture and operation of robots. Its objective is to create intelligent machines that can assist humans in a variety of ways.

The word robotics first appeared in Isaac Asimov’s science-fiction story Runaround (1942), in which this American writer also formulated the Three Laws of robotics.

A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.

A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.

A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Laws.

Later, Asimov added a fourth (or more precisely a Zeroth law) one:

A robot may not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow humanity to come to harm.

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