Why does each season start twice? Seasons are defined in tw | Ask Me

Why does each season start twice?

Seasons are defined in two ways: astronomical seasons, which are based on Earth’s position as it rotates around the Sun, and meteorological seasons, which are based on annual temperature cycles. Both divide the year into spring, summer, autumn, and winter—yet with slightly different start and end dates for each.

In the past people marked astronomical seasons with different calendars, but now, the start of each astronomical season is marked by either an equinox or a solstice.
This method of measuring the seasons, however, presents some challenges.
The solar year is approximately 365.2422 Earth days long, making it impossible for any calendar to perfectly sync with Earth’s rotation around the sun. As a result, astronomical seasons start on slightly different days and times each year—making it difficult to keep the climate statistics that are used in agriculture, commerce, and more.

That’s why weather forecasters and climatologists turned to meteorological seasons instead.
Meteorological seasons are far simpler than astronomical seasons. They divide the calendar year into four seasons that each last exactly three months and are based on the annual temperature cycle. Winter takes place during the coldest three months of the year, summer in the hottest three months, and spring and fall mark the remaining transition months.
In the Northern Hemisphere, that means the start date for each season is March 1 (spring), June 1 (summer), September 1 (fall), and December 1 (winter). In the Southern Hemisphere, the seasons are reversed; spring begins in September, summer in December, fall in March, and winter in June.
The consistency of meteorological seasons allows meteorologists to make the complex statistical calculations necessary to make predictions and compare seasons to one another.

So the first day of each meteorological season is respectively March 1, June 1, September 1, and December 1 while each astronomical season starts respectively with the first equinox around March 21, the first solstice between June 20-22, the second equinox around September 22, and the second solstice between December 20-23.

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