2021-12-22 18:20:55
SOME TERMS RELATED TO EVOLUTION
Adaptation:
Changing to fit a niche or survive in an environment
Anatomy:
Study of the structures of organisms
Artificial Selection:
Characteristics selected by humans
Biogeography:
Study of how species are distributed across the Earth
Biological Species:
Individuals that can interbreed and produce viable offspring
Catastrophism:
Changes in species that happen because of quick and often violent natural phenomena
Cladistics:
Method of classifying species in groups based on ancestral relationships
Cladogram:
Diagram of how species are related
Coevolution:
One species changing in response to changes in another species that it interacts with, particularly predator/prey relationships
Creationism:
Belief that a higher power created all life
Darwinism:
Term commonly used as a synonym for evolution
Descent With Modification:
Passing down traits that might change over time
Directional Selection:
Type of natural selection in which an extreme characteristic is favored
Disruptive Selection:
Type of natural selection that favors both extremes and selects against the average characteristics
Embryology:
Study of the earliest stages of development of an organism
Endosymbiotic Theory:
Currently accepted theory as to how cells evolved
Eukaryote:
Organism made of cells that have membrane-bound organelles
Evolution:
Change in populations over time
Fossil Record:
All known traces of past life ever found
Fundamental Niche:
All available roles an individual can play in an ecosystem
Genetics:
Study of traits and how they are passed down from generation to generation
Gradualism:
Changes in species that happen over long periods of time
Habitat:
Area in which an organism lives
Homologous Structures:
Body parts on different species that are similar and most likely evolved from a common ancestor
Hydrothermal Vents:
Very hot areas in the ocean where primitive life might have begun
Intelligent Design:
Belief that a higher power created life and its changes
Macroevolution:
Changes in populations at the species level, including ancestral relationships
Mass Extinction:
Event in which large numbers of species died out completely
Microevolution:
Changes in species at a molecular or gene level.....
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