12 Design Patterns You Must Know
1. Factory Pattern
Imagine a factory that produces different products. Similarly, this pattern creates objects without specifying their exact class, making code flexible and extendable.
2. Observer Pattern
Like subscribing to updates! Objects (observers) register to watch changes in a subject. When the subject changes, observers are notified automatically.
3. Singleton Pattern
Ensures a class has only one instance globally accessible. Useful for managing shared resources like databases.
4. Builder Pattern
Building complex objects step by step. Think of it as assembling Lego bricks to create something intricate without the mess!
5. Adapter Pattern
Converts the interface of one class into another interface clients expect. Makes incompatible components work together.
6. Decorator Pattern
Like adding toppings to your pizza! Dynamically adds responsibilities to objects without changing their code. A flexible alternative to subclassing.
7. Proxy Pattern
Controls access to an object, acting as a stand-in with additional functionality, like lazy loading.
8. Strategy Pattern
Switching strategies seamlessly! Allows selecting algorithms during runtime. Useful when you want to provide multiple ways to accomplish a task.
9. Command Pattern
Encapsulates requests as objects, allowing parameterization of clients with different requests and queuing of requests. Think of it as a to-do list for your program.
10. Template Pattern
Standardized process steps! Defines the structure of an algorithm, letting subclasses override specific steps. Ideal for reusable workflows.
11. Iterator Pattern
Tour guide for collections! Provides a way to access elements of a collection without exposing its underlying representation.
12. State Pattern
Like a traffic light! Allows an object to change its behavior when its internal state changes. Keeps your code organized as states pile up.
