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The latest Messages 43
2021-10-23 18:20:10
#GS3 #Economy
INEQUALITIES AND INCLUSIVE GROWTH
Status of Inequality in India
Income Inequality: India’s top 10% of the population holds
74.3% of the total national wealth.
India's richest 1% of the population hold 42.5% of
national wealth while the bottom 50%, the majority of the population, owns a mere 2.8%
Wealth Inequality: Wealth inequality in India is rising
with the Gini wealth coefficient having risen to 83.2% in 2019 from 81.2% in 2008.
The wealth of the top 1% increased by 46% in 2018
while the bottom 50% saw wealth increase at just 3%.1
Social Inequality: In India, one of the most distinctive forms of social inequity come within the spheres of
gender and caste, where, people coming from the marginalized sections of these social categories, are directly impacted in terms of their opportunities, access to livelihood, education and health facilities.
For example: In India, poor women and girls put in ₹19 trillion of unpaid care work every year. The
unequal distribution of unpaid care work, effectively, allows men to participate in the
labour market while limiting a
woman’s capacity to do the
same.
A new generation of inequalities is emerging, with divergence in
enhanced capabilities. For instance, access to more advanced knowledge and technology are widening.
E.g. the proportion of the adult
population with tertiary
education is growing more than
six times faster in very high
human development countries
than in low human development
countries, and fixed broadband
subscriptions are growing 15 times faster.
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651 views15:20
2021-10-23 15:32:49
#Social Issues
BONDED LABOUR
Why in News?
SC recently asked NHRC to frame Guidelines for Protection & Rehabilitation of Victims of Bonded Labour.
Details
ILO defines forced or compulsory labour as: all work or service which is exacted from any person under
threat of penalty and for which person has not offered himself or herself voluntarily.
Bonded labour is a type of forced labour.
Bonded labour is prohibited under Articles 21 and 23 and Bonded Labour Abolition Act (BLSA),1976.
BLSA is supported by other legislations like Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act,1970; Inter- State Migrant Workmen Act,1979; Minimum Wages Act,1948.
BLSA provide for the abolition of bonded labour system with a view to preventing the economic and
physical exploitation of the weaker sections of the people.
BLSA is being implemented by the concerned State Govts./UTs.
BLSA provides for an institutional mechanism at the district level in the form of Vigilance Committees.
State Governments/UTs may confer, on an Executive Magistrate, the powers of a Judicial Magistrate
of the first class or second class for trial of offences under this Act.
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778 views12:32
2021-10-23 15:01:42
SAFE MOTHERHOOD ASSURANCE (SUMAN)
Why in News?
Recently, Ministry for Health and Family Welfare highlighted importance of SUMAN at the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn
and Child Health (PMNCH) Accountability Breakfast event.
About SUMAN
It is an initiative (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare) for zero preventable maternal and newborn deaths.
Under the scheme, free healthcare benefits are provided to pregnant women, mothers up to 6 months after delivery, and all sick newborns.
Other features of the scheme are
Zero expense delivery and C-section facility in case of pregnancy complications.
Free transport to pregnant women from home to health facility and back.
Zero-tolerance for denial of services at public health facility.
Services include at least four ante natal check-ups that also includes one checkup during the 1st trimester, Iron Folic Acid supplementation, Tetanus diphtheria injection etc.
PMNCH is the world’s largest alliance for women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health, bringing together over 1,000 partner organizations across 192 countries.
It enables partners to share strategies, align objectives and resources, and agree on interventions.
The Vice Chairs of PMNCH’s Board are the Government of India and UK
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1.2K views12:01
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