Dermatology

2023-07-01 21:47:01 Correct Answer - B

Ans. is B' i.e., Herpes genitalis
Herpes genitalis is a sexually transmitted disease, characterized by appearance of multiple painful vesicles in clusteres in genital area
which later on may ulcerate. These small ulcers may combine to
form a large ulcer. First attack of this in infection may be associated
with flu like symptoms but GIT symptoms are usually absent.

Gonorrhea is characterized by acute anterior arthritis associated
with thick yellow urethral discharge. Perianal ulceration is not a
feature of gonorrhea.
Although HIV can be considered in the differential diagnosis of
Perianal ulcers, but is usually associated with GIT symptoms.
Perianal ulceration is not a feature of CMV infection

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2023-06-27 17:08:58


NMC original Video- Meet about Next held today in detail Open / Comment

2023-06-20 00:59:01 Correct Answer - C
Ans. C. Histologically there is hypermelanosis
Acanthosis nigricans is brown to black discolouration which usually
affects body folds like axilla, groin, umblicus, forehead.
Acanthosis nigricans occurs in individuals younger than 40 years of age.
It is associated with obesity (most common); endocrinopathy like
insulin resistance DM, hypothyroidism, Bloom synd., PCOD, and internal malignancy e.g. gastric adenocarcinoma.

Histopathologically, Papillomatosis is the characteristic feature
whereas there is no hypermelanosis.

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2023-06-12 14:52:01 Correct Answer - A
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Atopic dermatitis
Hanifin and Rajka criteria is for diagnosis of atopic dermatitis.
Diagnostic criteria (Hanifin and Rajka)
Based mainly on clinical experience
Major criteria
1. Family history of atopy
2. Chronicity
3. Pruritus
4. Typical morphology and distribution
Minor criteria
1. Dry skin
2. Chelitis
3. Elevated edge
4. Dennie's line/dennie morgan fold (infra orbital fold)
5. White dermographism
6. Peripheral eosinophillia
7. Immediate (type i) hypersensivity
8. Facial pallor, orbital darkening
9. Food intolerance
10. Conjunctivitis (recurrent), keratoconus, cataract
11. Pityriasis albaHand dermatitis
13. Recurrent infections
At least 3 major or 2 major plus 2 minor criteria are necessary for
diagnosis

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2023-06-07 21:09:01 Correct Answer - A
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Keratin
Dermatophytes are keratinophillic fungi, living only on the superficial
dead keratin. That is why they infect skin, hair and nail. In skin they
infect most superficial layer of the epidermis i.e. stratum corneum.
They do not penetrate living tissues. Dermatophytes cause a variety
of clinical conditions, collectively known as dermatophytosis, tinea or
ringworm. Dermatophytes have been classified into 3 genera :-
trichophyton, microsporum, epidermophyton.
1. Trichophyton affects;- skin, hair, nails
2. Microsporum affects ;- skin, hair (nails are not affected)
3. Epidermophyton affects:- skin, nails (hair are not affected)
Deep fungal infections (eg:- maycetoma, chromoblastomycosis,
pheohyphomycosis, sporotrichosis, lobomycosis, rhinosporidiosis)
involve subcutaneous tissue.
Dermatophytosis is itchy and scaly

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2023-06-02 10:59:01 Correct Answer - D
Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above
Acanthosis nigricans
Acanthosis nigricans is a brown to black, velvety hyperpigmentation
of the skin. It is usually found in body folds, such as posterior &
lateral folds of neck, axilla, groin, umblicus, forehead. It typically
occurs in individuals younger than 40 years of age.
Histopathologically papillomatosis is characteristically seen;
however, there is no hypermelanosis and there is only mild
acanthosis, if present.
It is associated with

1. Obesity (most common)

2. Endocrinopathies —> Hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, insuline
resistance diabetes, Cushing's disease, PCOD, Bloom syndrome.

3. Internal malignancy —> Gastric adenocarcinoma

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2023-05-26 16:55:02 Correct Answer - A
Answer- a. Lamellar ichthyosis
Explanation- Ichthyosis is one of the most commongenodermatoses. It is characterized by dry (xerotic) scaly skin all over the body. Scales are dull-brown-black.

The basic defect is an impairment in the barrier function of skin and
inability to maintain moisture. Collodion baby is the term used to
denote the newborn baby with ichthyosis; the newborn baby is
encased in a thick, shiny membrane coat called collodion and is
seen in Lamellar ichthyosis
Ref- Arvind Arora skin, 6th edition, page no 203

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2023-05-19 13:47:01 Correct Answer - C
Ans.C.Spinosum and basale
The Malpighian layer of the skin is generally defined as both the
stratum basale and stratum spinosum as a unit, although it is
occasionally defined as the stratum basale specifically,or the stratum
spinosum specifically. It is named after Marcello Malpighi.

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2023-05-14 08:16:01 Correct Answer - C
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Stratum corneum
Stratum basale, stratum spinosum and stratum granulosum,
together form the living layer and constitute the site of synthesis of
keratin

(Keratin is mostly synthesized in stratum spinosum).

Stratum corneum is the dead layer.
Layers of epidermis (From deep to superficial)
In palm and sole( 5layers)
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum corneum

Elsewhere (4layer)
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum corneum

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2023-05-08 12:31:01 Correct Answer - C
Ans. C. Topical gentamycin
[Ref IADVL 3rd/e p. 235]
* "Topical use of gentamycin should be avoided as gentamycin
resistance can develop and it can be transferred between different
species and strains of staphylococcus."
Treatment of impetigo
* Impetigo contagiosum
- Localized 4 Topical antibiotics like fusidic acid or mupirocin
- Extensive - Systemic antibiotics (erythromycin group to cover
staphylococcus and streptococcus).
- If response is poor, oxacillin-Clavulanic acid or cephalexin can be
tried.
Bullous Impetigo
* Localized→ Topical fusidic acid or mupirocin
* Extensive 4 Systemic antistaphylococcal antibiotics (flucloxacillin,
amoxicillin- clavulanic acid, methicillin or erythromycin)
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