Migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by recur | FreeMedSite

Migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by recurrent moderate to severe headaches, often on one side of the head. It is often accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia.

The pathophysiology of migraine is not fully understood but it is thought to involve the activation of the trigeminovascular system and the release of inflammatory mediators.

Migraine triggers include hormonal changes, stress, diet and environmental factors.

Diagnosis is based on the patient's history and physical examination.

Treatment options include abortive therapy with triptans and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and prophylactic therapy with anticonvulsants, beta blockers, and anti-depressants.

Non-pharmacological approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy and biofeedback may also be beneficial.