Foydali grammatika Degrees of Adjectives — Sifat darajalari | Ingliz tilini o'rganamiz

Foydali grammatika

Degrees of Adjectives — Sifat darajalari.

Sifat darajalari ingliz tilida 3 guruhga bo'linadi:

1. Oddiy — Positive

brave-botir, 
new-yangi,
happy-baxtli.

2. Qiyosiy - Comparative

Ikki pradmet bir-biriga qiyoslanganda yoki solishtirilganda ishlatiladi. Sifatga ~er qo'shimchasini qo'shish bilan yasaladi va sifatdan keyin than (~dan ko'ra, qaraganda) so'zi ishlatiladi.

braver-botirroq, 
happier-baxtliroq, 
bigger-kattaroq.

3. Orttirma — Superlative

Bir nechta predmetlar orasidan eng yuqori sifat darajasiga ega bo'lgani tanlanganda ishlatiladi. Sifatga ~est qo'shimchasi qo'shish yordamida yasaladi.

Sifatdan oldin the artikli qo'yiladi.

bravest-eng botir,
happiest-eng baxtli,
biggest-eng katta.

Sifatlar 3 usulda yasaladi:

1. Sintetik usul: Bu usul sifatlarga ~er yoki ~est qo'shimchasini qo'shish bilan yasaladi. 

Ayrim bir bo'g'inli so'zlarning oxirgi harfi ikkilanadi: big-bigger-biggest.

new-newer-newest
hot-hotter-hottest
big-bigger-biggest
large-larger-largest
easy-easier-easiest
clever-cleverer-cleverest
broad - broader - broadest
dark - darker - darkest
bright - brighter - brightest
fresh - fresher - freshest
hard - harder - hardest
heavy - heavier - heaviest
late - later - latest
light - lighter - lightest
long - longer - longest
lovely - lovelier - loveliest
quick - quicker - quickest
rich - richer - richest
sad - sadder - saddest
simple - simpler - simplest
small - smaller - smallest
smart - smarter - smartest
soft - softer - softest
sweet - sweeter - sweetest
thin - thinner - thinnest
old - older - oldest

2. Anatomik usul: Ikki va undan ko'p bo'g'inli so'zlarda sifat o'zgarmaydi faqat qiyosiy daraja uchun more, orttirma daraja uchun most so'zi sifatdan oldin qo'yiladi. Orttirma darajadagi sifatlar oldidan the artikli qo'yiladi.

• perfect - more perfect - most perfect
• beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
• comfortable-more comfortable-most comfortable
• expensive-more expensive-most expensive
• effective-more effective-most effective
• dangerous-more dangerous-most dangerous
• optimistic-more optimistic-most optimistic
• colourful-more colourful-most colourful
• intelligent-more intelligent-most intelligent

3. Supletiv usul: Bu sifatlar asosiy qoidalarga binoan emas balki umuman farqli ravishda yasaladi.

bad - worse - worst
good - better - best
far - farther - farthest
late - latter - last 
little - less - least
much - more - most
some - more - most
many - more - most


Yuqoridagi sifatlarni tarjima qiling va yod oling!

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