BIOLOGY SHORT NOTES Biological Classification Part-1 Biolog | JEE NEET By AIR 89™
BIOLOGY SHORT NOTES
Biological Classification Part-1
Biological classification is the scientific procedure of arranging organisms into groups and subgroups on the basis of
their similarities and dissimilarities and placing the group in a hierarchy of categories.
Kingdom System of Classification
Two Kingdom
Plantae Animalia
Three Kingdom
Plantae Protista Animalia
Five Kingdom
Monera Protista Fingi Plantae Animalia
• Eichler and Engler and Prantl phylogenetic systems are transitional (partly) phylogenetic.
• Phylogeny is developmental history of entire race. Haeckel proposed concept of phylogeny.
• Term monera was used by Dogherty and Allen.
Phyletic Classification. It is a type of phylogenetic classification based on the relationship to a particular line of descent. There are two components of phyletic relationships.
(i) Patristic (a term used for similarities between two plants due to a known common ancestry)
(ii) Cledistic (L Cledos = branch, term used for closeness of relationship in terms of phyletic lines).
Cladistlcs (phylogenetic systematics) is a method of classification (given by wiilii henning) (also called hennigian classification)
• Green Data Book (GDB). It gives information about rare plants growing in botanical gardens/protected areas.
• Blue Book. United Nations environment Programme (UNEP) has compiled endangered species of the world under the title Blue Book.
• Traffic. Trade record analysis of flora and fauna in commerce
• UNESCO – United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation.
• IUCNNR (IUCN) – International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources or IUCN.
• GEF – Global Environmental Facility.
• BHNS – Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai (its logo is Hombill)
• WWF-N – World wide Fund for Nature (Old name was WWF – World wild life fund). Since 1986, it is WWF-N.
Its logo is giant panda Ailusopoda melanoleuca..
• IBWL – Indian Board for Wild life (1952)
• WPSI – Wild life Preservation Society of India. Dehradun.
• UNEP – United Nations Environments Programme.
• NBPGR – National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi.
• NBAGR – National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal.
• Mixotrophy. This nutrition is found in eugienoids which show photosynthetic mode of nutrition in light and
become hotozoic in the absence of light.
• Albizzia falcate is worlds fastest growing tree.
• Lornatia tasmanica is longest living plant (43000 years old).
