Factor Affecting Enzyme Activity 1. Temperature Enzymes are | Dr. Sajid Ali

Factor Affecting Enzyme Activity

1. Temperature
Enzymes are sensitive to temperature
Optimum temperature is 25′-40′
Low temperature enzymes are inactivates
High temperature enzymes are denatures

2. Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH)
Different enzymes have different optimum pH
Some enzyme prefer acidic pH for Optimum activity E.g. Pepsin (pH 1.2-1.8)
Some enzyme prefer alkaline pH for Optimum activity E.g. Trypsin (pH 8.6-8.8)
Some enzyme prefer Neutral pH for Optimum activity E.g. amylase (pH 6.8)

3. Substrate Concentration
Increase in the substrate concentration increases the activity of the enzyme until all the active sites of the enzyme molecule are saturated with the substrate.
After this saturation the rate of enzymatic reaction becomes steady.
Then, the addition of the substrate will not have a positive effect on the velocity of reaction.

4. Water
Enzyme activity is suppressed in the absence of water
In dry seeds, the enzymes are almost inactive

5. Accumulation of End Products
The end product accumulation retards the enzymatic activity
The active sites of the enzymes become crowded with the products
Thus, the substrate molecules will have comparatively lesser chances of combining with the active sites

6. Inhibitors
Inhibitors in the reaction can inhibit enzymatic activity
Inhibitors are of different types: i) Competitive inhibitors ii) Noncompetitive inhibitors and iii) Allosteric inhibitors