Reserved

2021-08-31 18:20:18 "Chemistry in everyday life" Revision Through IMPORTANT POINTS

Histamine,stimulates the secretion of pepsin.

. Histamine is a potent vasodilator . lt contracts the smooth muscles in the bronchi.

. Synthetic drugs brompheniramina ( Dimetapp) & terfenadine ( Seldane), act as antihistamines.

. Antiallergic & antacid drugs work on different receptors.

. Tranquilizer & analgesics are neurologically active drugs.

. Noradrenaline plays a role in mood changes.

. Chlordiazepoxide & meprobamate,are sutable for relieving tension.

. Equanil is used in controlling depression & hypertension.

. Barbiturates are hypnotic.

. Analgesics reduce or abolish pain.

. Aspirin & paracetamol are non - narcotic analgesics.



. Aspirin inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins. It use in prevention of heart attacks

. Morphine is a narcotic analgesics.

. The first effective anti bacterial agent prontosil.

. Antibiotics have either cidal effect or a static effect on microbes.

. Penicillin G has a narrow spectrum.

. Ampicillin & Amoxicillin are synthetic modifications of penicillins.

. In India, penicillin is manufactured at the Hindustan Antibiotics in Pimpri & in private sector industry.


. Chloramphenicol, Vancomycin. & Ofloxacin are a broad spectrum antibiotics.


.Antiseptics ( either kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms).

. .Dettol is a mixture of chloroxylenol & terpineol.

. Iodine is a powerful antiseptic.

. 0.2% solution of phenol is an antiseptic while it's 1% solution is disinfectant.

. Norethindrone is an synthetic progesterone derivative drug.

. The estrogen derivative drug is ethynylestradiol.

. Aspartame is the most successful artificial sweeteners.

.Alitame is high potency sweeteners, although it is more stable than aspartame.

. Sucralose is trichloro derivative of sucrose.It does not provide calories.

. The two most familiar antioxidants are butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) & butylated hydroxy anisole(BHA). Open / Comment

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2021-08-30 22:04:01 Cytokinins (Phytokinins):
(i) Cytokinins are plant growth hormones which are basic in nature, either aminopurine or phenyl urea derivatives that promote cell division (cytokinesis) either alone or in conjugation with auxin.

(ii) Functions of cytokinins

(a) Cell division: Cytokinins are essential for cytokinesis and thus promote cell division. In presence of auxin, cytokinins stimulate cell division even in non-meristematic tissues.

(b) Cell enlargement and Differentiation: Under some conditions cytokinins enhance the expansion of leaf cells in leaf discs and cotyledons. These cells considered to be mature and under normal conditions do not expand.

(c) Delay in senescence: Cytokinin delay the senescence (ageing) of leaves and other organs by controlling protein synthesis and mobilization of resources (Disappearance of chlorophyll). It is called Richmond Lang effect.

(d) Counteraction of apical dominance: Auxins and cytokinins act antagonistically in the control of apical dominance. Auxins are responsible for stimulating growth of apical bud.

(e) Breaking of dormancy: Cytokinins breaks seeds dormancy of various types and thus help in their germination.

(f) Accumulation and Translocation of solutes Open / Comment

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