NEET PG/NEXT (MCQs)

2022-01-05 18:02:02 Explanation

• Trigger finger is caused by stenosing tenosynovitis of the flexor sheath. There is nodular or fusiform swelling on the flexor tendon.
• When the finger is flexed or extended, the nodular swelling passes through the A1 pulley with a snap, leading to triggering effect.
• The nodule can be trapped behind the A1 pulley leading to locking of the finger in flexion.
• Surgical treatment involves the release of A1 pulley, which is thickened and fibrosed. Open / Comment

2022-01-05 14:02:02 Open / Comment

2022-01-04 18:02:02 Explanation

• Antipyschotics targeting positive symptoms probably act by blocking the postsynaptic dopamine(D2) receptors in the mesolimbic system. Other receptors such as 5-HT, muscarinic receptors and GABA are also probably important. Atypical antipsychotics are also called as Serotonin Dopamine Antagonists (SDAs) due of their action on both dopamine and 5-HT
• Overactivity of DA receptor causes positive symptoms
• Their blockage of D2 antagonist relieves from positive symptoms
• Underactivity of NMDA receptor is responsible for negative symptoms. Open / Comment

2022-01-04 14:02:02 Open / Comment

2022-01-03 18:01:02 Explanation

• Yellow fever vaccine certificate becomes valid after 10 days of vaccination and valid upto 10 years
• Immunity of yellow fever vaccination coverage: 10 days- lifetime 35 years
• Quarantine period of yellow fever: 6 days
• International travelers: WHO recommends revaccination every 10 years. Open / Comment

2022-01-03 14:01:02 Open / Comment

2022-01-02 18:01:02 Explanation

• Carvedilol is a third generation beta blocker having blocking property of β1 + β2 + α1.
• It produces peripheral vasodilation due to blocking property of α1 as week as L type calcium channel blocker.
• Carvedilol also inhibits free radical induced lipid peroxidation
• Other third generation beta blocker having similar property is labetalol. Open / Comment

2022-01-02 14:01:02 Open / Comment

2022-01-01 18:01:02 Explanation

• A urinalysis that is positive for blood does not distinguish between myoglobin and hemoglobin. A microscopic urine exam is necessary for definitive diagnosis.
• In a patient with myoglobinuria, a microscopic evaluation will fail to show the presence of RBC casts or intact RBCs.
• Gross myoglobinuria can lead to an abnormal coloration of the urine and is typically described as ‘Cola colored’.
• Hematuria and renal cell carcinoma would be expected to produce urine analysis and microscopic exam that are positive for RBCs, whereas nephritic syndrome would be expected to have RBC casts. Open / Comment

2022-01-01 14:00:50 Open / Comment