a) the emergence of a mass literate population at whom a new m | PG TRB ENGLISH

a) the emergence of a mass literate population at whom a new mass-produced literature could be directed
b) a new market for basic textbooks which paid better than sophisticated novels or plays
c) a popular thirst for the "classics," driving contemporary writers to the margins
d) a, b and c
e) none of the above

768. Which text exemplifies the anti-Victorianism prevalent in the early twentieth century?

a) Eminent Victorians
b) Jungle Books
c) Philistine Victorians
d) The Way of All Flesh
e) both a and d

769. With which enormously influential perspective or practice is the early-twentieth-century thinker Sigmund Freud associated?

a) eugenics
b) psychoanalysis
c) phrenology
d) anarchism
e) all of the above

770. Which thinker had a major impact on early-twentieth-century writers, leading them to re-imagine human identity in radically new ways?

a) Sigmund Freud
b) Sir James Frazer
c) Immanuel Kant
d) Friedrich Nietzsche
e) all but c

771. Which scientific or technological advance did not take place in the first fifteen years of the twentieth century?

a) Albert Einstein's theory of relativity
b) wireless communication across the Atlantic
c) the creation of the internet
d) the invention of the airplane
e) the mass production of cars

772. Which best describes the imagist movement, exemplified in the work of T. E. Hulme and Ezra Pound?

a) a poetic aesthetic vainly concerned with the way words appear on the page
b) an effort to rid poetry of romantic fuzziness and facile emotionalism, replacing it with a precision and clarity of imagery
c) an attention to alternate states of consciousness and uncanny imagery
d) the resurrection of Romantic poetic sensibility
e) a neo-platonic poetics that stresses the importance of poetry aiming to achieve its ideal "form"

773. What characteristics of seventeenth-century Metaphysical poetry sparked the enthusiasm of modernist poets and critics?

a) its intellectual complexity
b) its union of thought and passion
c) its uncompromising engagement with politics
d) a and b
e) a,b, and c


774. In the 1930s, younger writers such as W. H. Auden were more ___ but less ___ than older modernists such as Eliot and Pound.

a) popular; reverenced
b) brash; confident
c) radical; inventive
d) anxious; haunting
e) spiritual; orthodox

775. Which poet could be described as part of "The Movement" of the 1950s?

a) Thom Gunn
b) Dylan Thomas
c) Pablo Picasso
d) Philip Larkin
e) both a and d


776. Which British dominion achieved independence in 1921-22, following the Easter Rising of 1916?

a) the southern counties of Ireland
b) Canada
c) Ulster
d) India
e) Ghana

777. Which of the following writers did not come from Ireland?

a) W. B. Yeats
b) James Joyce
c) Seamus Heaney
d) Oscar Wilde
e) none of the above; all came from Ireland

778. Which phrase indicates the interior flow of thought employed in high-modern literature?

a) automatic writing
b) confused daze
c) total recall
d) stream of consciousness
e) free association

779. Which of the following is not associated with high modernism in the novel?

a) stream of consciousness
b) free indirect style
c) irresolute open endings
d) the "mythical method"
e) narrative realism

780. Which novel did T. S. Eliot praise for utilizing a new "mythical method" in place of the old "narrative method" and demonstrates the use of ancient mythology in modernist fiction to think about "making the modern world possible for art"?
a) Virginia Woolf's The Waves
b) Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness
c) James Joyce's Finnegan's Wake
d) E. M. Forster's A Passage to India
e) James Joyce's Ulysses

781. Who wrote the dystopian novel Nineteen-Eighty-Four in which Newspeak demonstrates the heightened linguistic self-consciousness of modernist writers?
a) George Orwell
b) Virginia Woolf
c) Evelyn Waugh
d) Orson Wells
e) Aldous Huxley

782. Which of the following novels display postwar nostalgia for past imperial glory?
a) E. M. Forster's A Passage to India
b) Jean Rhys's Wide Sargasso Sea
c) Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness
d) Paul Scott's Staying On
e) c and d