Let's talk a bit more about scopes. Any class and function ca | Python etc

Let's talk a bit more about scopes.

Any class and function can implicitly use variables from the global scope:

v = 'global'
def f():
print(f'{v=}')
f()
# v='global'

Or from any other enclosing scope, even if it is defined after the fucntion definition:

def f():
v1 = 'local1'
def f2():
def f3():
print(f'{v1=}')
print(f'{v2=}')
v2 = 'local2'
f3()
f2()
f()
# v1='local1'
# v2='local2'

Class body is a tricky case. It is not considered an enclosing scope for functions defined inside of it:

v = 'global'
class A:
v = 'local'
print(f'A {v=}')
def f():
print(f'f {v=}')
# A v='local'

A.f()
# f v='global'