Kala-ajar It is the most severe form of leishmaniasis and, without proper diagnosis and treatment, is associated with high fatality. It is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. Leishmaniasis is caused by the protozoan Leishmania parasites which are transmitted by the bite of infected female phlebotomine sandflies. Symptoms: fever, weight loss, fatigue, anaemia and swelling of liver and spleen Curable: Kala-azar is fatal if left untreated in over 95% of cases. Join @science_and_tech_upsc 2.3K views12:11