#
Central_Retinal_Artery_Occlusion (
CRAO) :
Opthamologic emergency in which Central retinal artery ( supply central retinal area) is occluded.
#Pathophysiology :
Central retinal artery is a branch of Opthalmic
artery(OA) OA in turn is the first branch of the internal carotid artery which makes the eye susceptible to thromboembolic phenomenoa
#
Causes:
1-
Thromembolism : emboli detached from a carotid arthematous plaque #commonest.
2-
Other : cardiac emboli ( atrial fibrillation, vegetation), giant cell arthritis (GCA) : vasculitis of the retinal artery occluding the vessel and threatening the vision
#Symptoms of GCA:
Scalp tenderness.
temporal headache.
Jaw claudication: pain and tiredness of facial muscles upon chewing.
Middle age 50-60 onset.
#Clinical_picture: Sudden painless( except in GCA) profound loss of vision.
N.B inflammation always painful
GCA=vasculitis =inflammation.
#Reference:
Bradley's Boweling-Kanski's clinical ophthalmology 8th ed /page 549-552.
