Development of Education 1781: Calcutta Madrasah ( Warren | UPSC GS1 History Art Culture
Development of Education
1781: Calcutta Madrasah ( Warren Hastings)
1791: Sanskrit College, Benaras ( Jonathan Duncan)
1800: Fort William College ( Lord Wellesley) Serampur missionaries were very enthusiastic about spread of education
1813: Charter Act Sanction of 1 lakhs annually Amount not made available till 1823 Grant sanctioned for Calcutta College ( 1817- Rammohun Roy)
1835: Lord Macaulay's Minute Settled the debate in favour of Anglicists- limited govt resources to be devoted to teaching western sciences and literature through medium of English language alone Neglected mass education Downward filtration theory
1835: Medical college in Calcutta
1843-53: James Thomson ( LG of NW Province) Developed comprehensive scheme of village education through the medium of vernacular languages Purpose was to train personnel for newly set up Revenue and Public works dept.
1844: Applicants for govt employment should possess knowledge of English
1854: Wood's Despatch ( Magna Carta of English education in India) Responsibility of educating mass and rebuked downward filtration theory Vernacular at school, English in higher studies Stress on female and vocational education and teacher training Education in govt institutions to be secular System of grants-in-aid to encourage private enterprise
Developments:
1857: universities at Calcutta, Bombay and Madras
1849: Bethune School, Calcutta ( JED Bethune)- Education for women Agriculture Institute at Pusa, Bihar Engineering Institute at Roorkee (1847)
1856: Calcutta college of engineering
1858: Overseers' school at Poona ( Poona college of engineering)
1882-83: Hunter Education Commission (Ripon) Confined its recommendations to primary and secondary education Primary education in vernacular Transfer of control of primary education to district and municipal boards High school should have two divisions Literary- leading to university Vocational- commercial careers Attention towards inadequate facilities for female education
1882: Punjab university
1887: Allahabad university
1902: Raleigh Commission Go into conditions and prospects of universities in India Based on recommendations of Raleigh, Indian Universities Act
1904: Indian Universities Act Govt veto in universities senate regulations 5 lakh rupees to be sanctioned per annum for five years
1906: State of Baroda introduced compulsory education throughout its territories
1913: Resolution on education policy - govt refused to take responsibility of compulsory education
1917-19: Saddler University Commission Study and report on problems of Calcutta university Reviewed entire field from school education to university education School course should be 12 yrs. Entry into university after intermediate stage for 3 yrs course.
1919: Education shifted to provincial ministries so govt stopped taking direct interest in education matters.
1929: Hartog Committee To report on development of education Average students should be diverted to vocational courses after 8th Admission should be restricted
1937: Wardha scheme of basic education Congress organised a National Conference on Education in Wardha Zakir hussain committee- detailed national scheme for basic education Learning through activity Based on Gandhi's weekly Harijan English only after Class 8
1944: Sergeant Plan of Education Pre-primary education for 3-6 yrs age group Free, universal and compulsory elementary education for 6-11 yrs age group Abolition of intermediate course
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