Wesalosis " medical "

2022-03-11 01:18:43 Open / Comment

2022-03-11 00:34:29

Open / Comment

2022-03-07 12:29:17 Complications of Thyroidectomy***
Vvvv. Important
• Hemorrhage
− Due to slipping of ligature on the superior thyroid artery, bleeding from muscular artery
− Hematomas may cause airway compromise and must be evacuated immediately.
− Hematomas may occur immediately or later on.
− An immediate bleed occurs after or shortly before extubation when the patient lightens from anaesthesia and may begin to cough,
causing a vessel to open.
• Respiratory obstruction: Causes include
− Tension hematoma
− Laryngeal edema (by anesthetic intubation): MC cause of respiratory obstruction
− Bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis
• Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis
− May be unilateral or bilateral, transient or permanent.
− Bilateral paralysis causes respiratory obstruction - Dyspnea, stridor.
• Injury to other nerves
− External branches of superior laryngeal nerve (MC injured nerve during thyroid surgery: External laryngeal nerve)
− Cervical sympathetic trunk - may cause Horner’s syndrome.
• Parathyroid insufficiency
− Due to removal of the parathyroid glands or infarction due to vascular injury.
− Vascular injury is more important.
− Cases usually present 2–5 days after operation with symptoms of hypocalcemia (circumoral and fingertip numbness and tingling
tetany, carpopedal spasm and laryngeal stridor)
− Treatment with oral calcium & vitamin D supplements
− IV calcium gluconate 10% in 10 cc normal saline in 10 minutes may be required in severe cases.
• Thyroid insufficiency
• Thyrotoxic crisis
− Occurs if the thyrotoxic patient has been inadequately prepared for thyroidectomy. Open / Comment

2022-03-01 20:02:42 #Most_common

Most common mediastinal tumor at all Neurofibroma. Open / Comment

2022-03-01 20:02:42 @Wesalosis

#Clinical_case

A 25 years old female patient presented to the ER with severe right loin pain , the patient was diagnosed with renal stones and treatment was initiated , the patient also complained of upper abdominal pain for the last month that was relieved with antacids .
She had no history of NSAIDs use and the only drugs the patient was taking are the omeprazole 40 mg and Dopamine agonist for treatment of infertility .
What tests would you ask the patient to do ?
What's your provisional Dx ?






Answer is MEN I ( Wermer syndrome ) Open / Comment

2022-03-01 20:02:42 #MEN I continuation.

The pituitary adenoma can occur leading to hyper secretion of any of the hormones secreted by it .

For example ;

Increased prolactin
Increased Growth hormone
Increased ACTH

And the subsequent clinical manifestations are accordingly.


Pancreatic tumors are usually Islet cell tumors .

And the parathyroid adenoma / hyperplasia will lead to hypercalcemia and possibly Renal stones. Open / Comment

2022-03-01 20:02:42 The majority of tumors in people with MEN I are benign . However, approximately 1 out of 3 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and mediastinal neuroendocrine tumors are cancerous . Open / Comment

2022-03-01 20:02:42 Different components recognized for different types of MEN syndromes.


Let's talk about the first type ( MEN I )

MEN I is also known as Wermer syndrome .

MEN I is composed of : 3-Ps

Pituitary adenoma .
Parathyroid adenoma or hyperplasia .
Pancreatic tumour . Open / Comment

2022-03-01 20:02:42 Third thing you need to know is that it's Autosomal Dominant . Open / Comment

2022-03-01 20:02:42 Second thing is that as the name suggests it's a syndrome characterized by neoplasms mostly in multiple endocrine organs. Open / Comment