#Problematic soils Problem soils are the soils whose producti | Agriculture Exams Library
#Problematic soils
Problem soils are the soils whose productivity is lowered due to inherent unfavourable soil conditions viz., salt content and soil reaction.
1.saline soils : (White alkali/ solon chalk) ✓ EC is more than 4 dS m-1. ✓ESP is less than 15 ✓ pH is less than 8.5. ✓SAR is less than 13
Reclaimation of saline soil: ✓ Leaching or Flooding by good irrigation water. ✓Acidic nature of fertilizers (e.g., Amonium sulphate) should be used
2.saline - Alkali soils: ✓ The EC is more than 4 dS m-1, ✓ESP is more than 15 ✓pH is around 8.5. ✓SAR is greater than 13.
•These are transitional soils that they may be converted into saline or into alkali soils.
3.Alkali or Sodic soils: (Black alkali) ✓EC of is less than 4 dS m-1. ✓ESP is more than 15 ✓ pH more than 8.5. ✓SAR is greater than 13.
Reclamation of alkali soil : ✓Reclamation of sodic soils involve two stages. 1. First, the replacement of sodium by another cation and second, the leaching of the desorbed sodium salts out of the root zone. 2. This may be done with Gypsum (CaSO4. 2 H2O) and leaching with good quality irrigation water. ✓ Gypsum @8qt/ha ✓Iron pyrite @12q/ha
4.Acid soil: ✓ pH less than 7 ✓Strongly acid soil pH - less than 5
Reclamation of acid soils: ✓ Addition of liming materials 1. Limestone (Ca CO3) 2. Quick lime (CaO) 3. Hydrated (Slaked) lime (Ca (OH)2) 4. Dolomitic limestone (CaMg (CO3)2) ✓Use of basic fertilizers like sodium nitrate, basic slag etc. neutralize the acidity. ✓Rock phosphates & pressmud
Maximum area under Acid soil - Kerala Maximum area under Saline soil - Gujarat Maximum area under Alkali soil -Uttar Pradesh.
