Agriculture Exams Library

2024-06-28 07:23:54 Bactofugation is the process of removal of microorganisms from milk using centrifugal force. It is a special form of separation of microorganisms, mainly spore formers (Bacilli/Clostridia) to enable milk to be sterilized at lower temperature-time combinations.

Most of the microorganisms are inactivated by pasteurization. However, the highly heat resistant spores survive pasteurization. They can lead to significant quality defects in hard cheese, semi-hard cheese or long-life products due to proteolysis, lipolysis and gas formation. Therefore, bactofugation is mainly used in the manufacture of these products.

The objectives of bactofugation are as follows:
To improve hygienic quality of milk
To avoid heat resistant bacteria without resorting to excessive heating.
To ensure exceptionally high degree of bacteriological purity in milk.
It removes bacteria, both living and dead, from treated substances whereas traditional heat treatment kills bacteria and leaves them in food.
The microorganisms involved in causing milk spoilage, reducing the quality of powder and butyric fermentation thereby causing late blowing of cheese, are mostly spore formers.
Bactofugation is important in foodstuffs infected with bacteria containing thermostable endotoxins.

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2024-06-27 12:39:03 New topics added to your IBPS AFO, NABARD, RRB SO, TSPSC AEO COURSE

AGRONOMY
Agronomy P1 Updated
Agronomy P2 Updated

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2024-06-27 06:47:01 #parturition in animals Open / Comment

2024-06-26 17:03:44 Agronomy material updated , click here to study https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.agri.exam.library Open / Comment

2024-06-07 16:43:52 New topics added to your IBPS AFO, NABARD, RRB SO, TSPSC AEO COURSE

AGRONOMY
Agronomy P1 Updated
Agronomy P2 Updated

IBPS AFO BUNDLE UPDATED
Complete In detailed Mains PDF material Phase-2 Covered as per syllabus
Pre recorded videos both in English and Hindi languages
40 Full length mains test series with detailed explanation exactly as per IBPS Mains Pattern
Prepared by experts having 5 years in Agriculture Coaching
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2024-05-30 16:03:46 #farmer Open / Comment

2024-05-17 09:41:29 Cinnamon is a Spice , it is the inner bark from many species of trees from the genus Cinnamomum Open / Comment

2024-05-03 15:48:19 New topics added to your IBPS AFO, NABARD, RRB SO, TSPSC AEO COURSE

AGRONOMY
Agronomy P1 Updated
Agronomy P2 Updated

IBPS AFO BUNDLE UPDATED
Complete In detailed Mains PDF material Phase-2 Covered as per syllabus
Pre recorded videos both in English and Hindi languages
40 Full length mains test series with detailed explanation exactly as per IBPS Mains Pattern
Prepared by experts having 5 years in Agriculture Coaching
Print out of LMN 5.0 Before Mains Exam
Previous year agriculture section paper analysis and pdfs download for offline study in app

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2024-04-26 07:26:19 Today's Quiz : Soil Science

New free quiz added for All Agriculture Exams - Top 10 very imp MCQ's

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2024-04-25 10:29:01 Apiculture Important Pests

Acarapis woodi: A mite, called the Tracheal mite which infests the bees' breathing or tracheal system; sometimes called Acarine disease, this refers to bees that are heavily infested with the Tracheal mite.

Bacillus larvae: The bacterium that causes American foulbrood.

European foulbrood: An infectious brood disease of honey bees caused by Streptococcus pluton.

American foulbrood: A brood disease of honey bees caused by the spore-forming bacterium, Bacillus larvae and characterized by a ropy or gummy condition of affected larvae. It is the most widespread and destructive of the brood diseases, affecting queen, drone, and worker larvae alike.

Sacbrood: A brood disease of bees caused by a filterable virus which interferes with the moulting process; the dead larva resembles a bag of fluid.

Nosema disease: A widespread adult bee disease caused by a one-celled spore-
forming organism Nosema apis; it infects the gut lining.

Terramycin: An antibiotic used to control American and European foulbrood.
Wasp: A close relative of honey bees, usually in the family Vespidae; they are
carnivorous, some species preying on bees (see also, Hornet).

Braula coeca: The scientific name of a wingless fly commonly known as the bee
louse.

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