Agriculture Exams Library

2021-04-14 13:06:11 Different types of disease symptoms

Necrosis : It indicates the death of cells, tissues and organs resulting from infection by pathogen. Necrotic symptoms include spots, blights, burn, canker, streaks, stripes, damping-off, rot etc.

Wilt : Withering and drooping of a plant starting from some leaves to growing tip occurs suddenly or gradually. Wilting takes place due to blockage in the translocation system caused by the pathogen.

Die-back: Drying of plant organs such as stem or branches which starts from the tip and progresses gradually towards the main stem or trunk is called die-back or wither tip.

Mildew: White, grey or brown coloured superficial growth of the pathogen on the host surface is called mildew.

Rusts : Numerous small pustules growing out through host epidermis which gives rusty (rust formation on iron) appearance of the affected parts.

Smuts : Charcoal-like and black or purplish-black dust like masses developed on the affected plant parts, mostly on floral organs as inflorescence are called smut.

Blotch : A large area of discolouration of a leaf, fruit etc. giving a blotchy appearance.

White blisters : Numerous white coloured blister-like ruptures are surfaced on the host epidermis that forms powdery masses of spores of fungi. They are called white
blisters or white rust.

Colour change : It denotes conversion of green pigment of leaves into other colours mostly to yellow colour, in patches or covering the entire leaves.
(i) Etioliation:
Yellowing due to lack of light, (ii) Chlorosis:
Yellowing due to infection viruses, bacteria, fungi, low temperature lack of iron etc.
(iii) Albino:
Lack of any pigment
and turned into white or bleached
(iv) Chromosis:
Red, purple or orange pigmentation due to physiological orders etc.

Exudation : Such symptom is commonly found in bacterial diseases when masses of bacterial cells ooze out to the surface of affected plant parts and form some drops or smear, it is called exudation. This exudation forms a crust on the host surface after drying.

Overgrowth :
Excessive growth of the plant parts due to infection by pathogens.
Overgrowth takes place by two processes
(i) Hyperplasia :
abnormal increase in size
due to excessively more cell division
(ii) Hypertrophy :
abnormal increase in size or
shape due to excessive enlargement of the size of cell of a particular tissue.

Atrophy:
It is known as hypoplasia or dwarfing which is resulted from the inhibition of growth due to reduction in cell division or cell size.

Sclerotia:
These are dark and hard structures of various shaped composed of dormant mycelia of some fungi. Sometimes, sclerotia are developed on the affected parts of the plant. Presence of sclerotia on the host surface is specifically called a sign of disease rather than symptom.
@FCI_AGRI_EXAM Open / Comment

2021-04-14 10:20:24 Inflorescence of crops

Arrow : Sugarcane
Axillary : Cotton
Axillary raceme :
Black garm, Chickpea, Green gram, Pea, Pigeon pea, Lentil, Soybean
Raceme : Ground nut, Mustard, Castor, Sun hemp, Tobacco
Cymose : Sesame, Linseed, Jute, Potato
Capitulum : Sunflower, Niger
Head : Sorghum, Safflower
Panicle : Rice, Porso millet
Spike : Wheat, Barley
Ear : Pearl millet Open / Comment

2021-04-13 16:25:17 3 New topics added to your FCI course

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2021-04-13 15:42:51 FCI AGM TECHNICAL 4 DEMO PDF NOW AVAILABLE FOR DOWNLOAD
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2021-04-13 04:15:24 FCI EXAM
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2021-04-12 17:54:58 Buffalo milk is white in colour due to casein while

cow milk is yellow in colour due to beta carotene(IBPS AFO 2020)

Homogenization of milk the process of making of stable emulsion of serum and milk fat by using of homogenizer

Bactofugation the process of removal of bacteria by using centrifugal forces it improves the shelf life of milk

Milk let down due to oxytocin
Milk holding up is due to epinephrine.

Red colour of meat due to oxymyoglobin

Brown colour of meat is due to meta metmyoglobin Open / Comment

2021-04-12 15:11:31 Agriculture Exams Library ✪ pinned «4 New topics added to your FCI course SOIL SCIENCE BASIC SOIL SCIENCE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL FCI IMPORTANT ACTS COMPLETE PFA ACT - 1954 https://www.agricultureexamslibrary.in/learn/FCI…» Open / Comment

2021-04-12 15:11:03 4 New topics added to your FCI course
SOIL SCIENCE
BASIC SOIL SCIENCE
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL
BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL

FCI IMPORTANT ACTS
COMPLETE PFA ACT - 1954

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