Anatomy embryology histology videos & books

2022-08-26 16:39:17 77) A premature female infant is born about 24 weeks after fertilization and develops rapid, labored breathing shortly after birth. She is immediately transferred to intensive care where she is diagnosed with hyaline membrane disease (HMD). Which of the following… Open / Comment

2022-08-26 16:38:26 77) A premature female infant is born about 24 weeks after fertilization and develops rapid, labored breathing shortly after birth. She is immediately transferred to intensive care where she is diagnosed with hyaline membrane disease (HMD). Which of the following is most likely deficient in the infant? Open / Comment

2022-08-24 08:20:06 76) Explanation

At the root of the neck, the phrenic nerve (C3, C4, C5) lies on the scalenus anterior muscle, not the scalenus medius (choice C). The transverse cervical and suprascapular arteries course over it. The vagus (tenth cranial) nerve, not the phrenic nerve is located between the common carotid artery and the internal jugular vein (choice A). The recurrent laryngeal branch from the vagus nerve wraps around the right subclavian artery (choice D), and courses cranially between the esophagus and the trachea (choice B). Open / Comment

2022-08-23 08:18:40 76) During surgery at the root of the neck, an attending surgeon cautions her resident to locate important structures which need to be protected. One of these is the phrenic nerve, responsible for the innervation of the diaphragm and thus, respiration. The… Open / Comment

2022-08-23 08:17:14 76) During surgery at the root of the neck, an attending surgeon cautions her resident to locate important structures which need to be protected. One of these is the phrenic nerve, responsible for the innervation of the diaphragm and thus, respiration. The phrenic nerve can be positively identified by which of the following anatomical relationships? Open / Comment

2022-08-19 13:43:01 75) Explanation

The collective neurological signs are characteristic of a lesion of the neocerebellum (cerebellar hemispheres). Alesion in the archicerebellum (cerebellar vermis; arrow 5, choice E) results in loss of equilibrium. None of the other choices apply to the collection of neurological signs displayed by this patient: arrow 1 (choice A) points to the temporal lobe, arrow 2 (choice B) to the eyeball, and arrow 3 (choice C) to the pons. Open / Comment

2022-08-18 13:41:45 Open / Comment

2022-08-18 13:40:42 75) A 30-year-old patient displays ataxia of extremities and asynergy with decomposition of movement. He also has dysmetria (past-pointing phenomenon), dysdiadochokinesia (the inability to perform rapidly alternating movements), and intention tremor. These neurological signs are characteristic of a lesion in the structure indicated by which arrow in Fig. ? Open / Comment

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2022-08-13 14:12:01 74)

The lining of the gallbladder is a simple columnar epithelium identifiable by tall cells with elongated nuclei arranged at the same level. Pseudostratified epithelium (choice A) is distinguishable from the simple columnar epithelium by the cell nuclei being arranged at different levels. Stratified cuboidal epithelium (choice C) is characterized by short cells with nuclei arranged at different levels. Stratified epithelium (choice D) has a characteristic cellular basal layer with flat degenerate cells in its upper layer. Transitional epithelium (choice E) is a type of stratified epithelium exclusively confined to the urinary tract. Open / Comment