ADVANCED GRAMMAR FOR IELTS WRITING (PART 2) 4. HAVING + pas | DANIEL'S ACADEMY| LEADERS FOR TOMORROW|

ADVANCED GRAMMAR FOR IELTS WRITING (PART 2)

4. HAVING + past participle (this is mostly used in Writing Task 1)

Having + Verb-ed/Verb 3rd, Subject + Verb

Having dropped sharply to 10 %, earnings then faced a slight rise.

5. ONCE / WHEN / AFTER in essays describing a process

Once / When / After + Present Perfect, Present Simple

Once the tea leaves has been packed into boxes, the boxes are then loaded onto a lorry.

After the boxes have been loaded onto a lorry, they are then taken to supermarkets.

AFTER + -ING

After + Verb-ing, Subject + Verb

After being taken to supermarkets, the boxes of tea are then sold to customers.

6. AS OPPOSED TO / COMPARED TO

Subject + Verb + Object, as opposed to / compared to + Noun (or number) + WH word + clause

Just 10% of learners knew German, as opposed to 30% who could speak French.

15% of youth said they visited Barcelona for nightlife, compared to 25% who visited this city for studies.