English_Lug'at✅

2022-03-02 14:11:59 Ingliz tili grammatikasi.
Artikllar. Aniq va noaniq artiklllar. (Everything about articles)
@English_Lugat Open / Comment

2022-02-22 08:22:19 #Video_lesson 1 | #Video_dars 1

00:14 - Good morning
00:40 - How do you do?
01:14 - What a pleasant surprise!
01:40 - Welcome!
01:59 - How are you?
02:20 - How is your family?
03:10 - Not bad
03:52 - Thank you, Very well
04:25 - Have a good day!

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2022-02-18 18:54:24 86 - Dars: prefer/would rather/would sooner

to prefer - afzal koʻrmoq fe'li oʻzidan keyin ham gerundiy, ham to+infinitive bilan qoʻllanishi mumkin. Ammo fe'llarning ishlatilish qurilmasida ozgina farq bor.
prefer doing something TO doing something else
I prefer driving to traveling by train. (Men poyezdda sayohat qilishdan mashinada ketishni afzal koʻraman.)
prefer to do something RATHER THAN do something else
I prefer to drive rather than travel by train. (Men poyezdda sayohat qilishdan mashinada ketishni afzal koʻraman.)

Ammo would prefer dan keyin har doim to+infinitive qoʻllaniladi.
I would prefer to stay at home rather than go to the cinema.

would rather birikmasi ham ma'no jihatdan would prefer ga oʻxshaydi, ammo undan keyin bare infinitive (to'siz infinitive) qoʻllanishi kerak.
Shall we go by train?
No, I would prefer to go by car.
No, I would rather go by car.

Inkor shakli would rather not+bare infinitive qurilmasida qoʻllaniladi.
I would rather not go out today. I'm tired. (Bugun ko'chga chiqmayman. Men charchaganman)

would rather fe'lining qurilmasiga e'tibor bering.
would rather do something THAN do something else
I would rather stay at home than go out today.

Oʻtgan zamonda amalga oshmagan istaklar uchun esa would rather+perfect infinitive qoʻllaniladi.
Yesterday I had to stay at home. But I would rather have gone to the cinema. (Kecha men uyda qo'lishimga to'g'ri keldi. Lekin kinoteatrga borishni xohlagandim)

would rather qurilmasining yana bir o'ziga xos qo'llanish holati mavjud. Agar biz birovning biror ish-harakat amalga oshirishini yoki qilmasligini xohlasak, va buni muloyim tarzda bildirmoqchi bo'lsak, quyidagi qurilma qoʻllaniladi:
I would rather you/Tom/they+oʻtgan zamon
Shall I stay here? (Shu yerda qolaymi?)
I would rather you came with us. (Menimcha, biz bilan kelganingiz yaxshi)
Shall I tell them the news? (Ularga yangiliklarni aytaymi?)
I would rather you didn't. (Menimcha, aytmaganingiz ma'qul)

Yuqoridagi gaplarda oʻtgan zamon qoʻllansada, ish-harakat amalga oshishi hozirgi yoki kelasi zamonga tegishli boʻladi.
I would rather you cooked the dinner now.

O'tgan zamondagi holatlar uchun esa uzoq o'tgan zamon ishlatiladi.
I'd rather you had been/hadn't been present.
I'd rather he had told/hadn't told me about it.

would sooner+bare infinitive qurilmasi ham would rather kabi ma'noda va qurilmalarda ishlatiladi.
I would sooner give up sleep than miss my evening class.
I would sooner not talk about it now.
I would sooner he didn 't know about it till I've talked to Pete.

Grammar Notes
@English_Lugat Open / Comment

2022-02-17 06:20:45 #collocations_on_topics

Topic: Sports

play
— soccer/basketball tennis/baseball/golf

do
— yoga/gymnastics/martial arts/aerobics/exercises

lift weights
— og’ir atletika

go
— swimming/biking/surfing/rock climbing/bowling/fishing

soccer game
— football match

basketball game
— basketbol o'yini

@English_Lugat Open / Comment

2022-02-14 18:02:51
Bugun sizni orzular quchar
Bizga doim baxtlar bo'lar duchor
Seni sevib bo'ldim men nochor
Sevgi kuni muborak SEVGIM



Sevgi to'la olam bizning
Fαqαt bιznιng kαnαldα topαsιz

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2022-02-13 11:44:25 73 - Dars: Yordamchi fe'llarning qo'llanishi

Ingliz tilida yordamchi fe'llar mustaqil ma'no anglatmasada, soʻroq va inkor gaplarni hosil qilishda va ba'zan asosiy fe'lga qoʻshimcha ma'no yuklash (modal fe'llar) uchun qoʻllaniladi. Quyidagi roʻyxatda asosiy yordamchi fe'llar keltirilgan:
am/is/are
was/were
would
may
must
can
have/has
could
might
shall
will
do/does/did
should
need

Mazkur mavzuda biz yordamchi fe'llarning muhim vazifalaridan yana biri boʻlgan asosiy fe'lni qayta takrorlamaslik vazifasini koʻrib chiqamiz. Quyidagi gapni tahlil qilamiz:
Do you smoke? I did but I don't any more.
Aslida bu gap I smoked but I don't smoke any more shaklida keltirilishi mumkin edi, ammo smoke fe'li qayta takrorlamasdan, faqatgina did va don't yordamchi fe'llarini qoʻllash bilan ham mazmunni ifodalash mumkin.

DTM tomonidan qoʻllanadigan test savollarida quyidagi qurilmalar juda koʻp qoʻllaniladi:
but - lekin, ammo, biroq bog'lovchisi bilan bog'langan gaplar. Bunday gaplarda birinchi gap boʻlishli, ikkinchi gap boʻlishsiz yoki aksincha boʻladi.
I like going for long walks but Tom doesn't. (=doesn't like)
They can't ride a bicycle but I can. (=can ride)

and - va, ham, hamda bog'lovchisi bilan bog'langan gaplar. Bunday gaplarda birinchi gap qanday boʻlsa, ikkinchi gap ham shunday qurilmada boʻladi va birinchi gapning mazmuniga qarab ikkinchi gapda so/neither/nor/either soʻzlari ishtirok etadi. Ikkinchi gapdagi yordamchi fe'lning oʻrniga e'tibor bering.
I like going for long walks and so does Tom.
They can't ride a bicycle and neither/nor can I.
We haven't bought a house this year and our neighbours haven't either.

too - ham degan ma'noda qoʻllaniladi va darak gap oxirida keladi.
I am happy. He is happy too.

either - ham degan ma'noda qoʻllanadi va inkor gap oxirida keladi.
I didn't like the film. Tom didn't either.

so - ham degan ma'noda oldin aytilgan boʻlishli fikrga qoʻshilish uchun ishlatiladi. E'tiborli jihati - so+yordamchi fe'l+ ega qurilmasiga amal qilish kerak.
A: I have been to the USA B: So has Tom
A: Jane was late this morning. B: So were her brothers.
A: I went to Bukhara last year. B: So did we.
A: He is coming to the party. B: So is Jack.
A: We should take care of it. B: So should they.

neither/nor - ham degan ma'noda oldin aytilgan boʻlishsiz fikrga qoʻshilish uchun ishlatiladi. E'tiborli jihati - neither/nor+ boʻlishli yordamchi fe'l+ ega qurilmasiga amal qilish kerak.
A: She hasn't found a job yet. B: Neither/nor have I.
A: We don't often see Tom. B: Neither/nor do I.
A: I didn't go to Bukhara last year. B: Neither/nor did we.
A:She didn't expect him to come. B: Neither/nor did Jane.

Eslatma: no/none/nobody/no-one/nothing/nowhere/barely/seldom/scarcely/ hardly/ rarely soʻzlari ham mazmunan inkor soʻzlar hisoblanadi va ular qatnashgan gaplarga qoʻshilish uchun neither/nor soʻzlarini ishlatish lozim.
A: Nobody did their homework. B: Neither/nor did I.
A: We never drink tea. B: Neither/nor do they.

Biror bir fikrga munosabat bildirishning boshqa usullari ham mavjud. Bular I think so/I don't think so/I hope/I hope not/ I am afraid so/I am afraid not/I suppose so/ I don't suppose so gaplari orqalidir.
It is going to rain.
I don't think so (fikrga qoʻshilmaslik)
I think so (fikrga qoʻshilish)
Do you speak English?
I am afraid not. (I don't speak English)
Is he ill?
I hope not. (he is not ill)

Grammar Notes

@English_Lugat Open / Comment

2022-02-11 06:19:21 Кунларнинг султони Саййид-ул айём ҳаджул масокин яна бир Жума кунига насиб қилган "Аллоҳ" таолога ҳамду санолар бўлсин!

Жума айёмингиз муборак бўлсин!
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2022-02-11 06:18:42 Кунларнинг султони Саййид-ул айём ҳаджул масокин яна бир Жума кунига насиб қилган "Аллоҳ" таолога ҳамду санолар бўлсин!

Жума айёмингиз муборак бўлсин!
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2022-02-10 17:27:00 You did it! - Sen uddalading!

You get finished quickly. Well established - Ishni tez tugatibsiz, Yaxshi ishladingiz.

You learn quickly to work - Ishni tez o'rganar ekansiz.

You made my day - Kayfiyatimni ko'tarding

You mean the world to me (You mean a lot to me) - Sen men uchun muhim insonsan

You tried hard - Qo'lingdan kelgan barchasini qilding

You brighten my day - Sen mening kunimni yorityapsan

You care - Senga baribir emas

You’re getting there! - Sen deyarli uddalading!

You’re №1 - sen eng zo'risan, birinchi raqamli

You’re on the mark - Sen hammasini a'lo darajada bajarding

You’re the greatest! - Sen eng zo'rsan

You’re tops - sen buni a'lo darajada uddalading

You’ve got what it takes - Sen buni uddasidan chiqa olasan, qani olg'a

You’ve made progress - Sen buni yaxshi amalga oshiradigan bo'lding

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2022-02-08 12:03:22 UNIT 62. Countable / uncountable (2)

Farqiga e'tibor bering:
1) a cake - bir butun tort
2) some cakes - bir nechta tort
3) some cake - bir bo'lak tort
4) a piece of cake - bir bo'lak tort.
1-gapda "a" bo'lgani uchun bitta deb tushunamiz.
2-gapda "cakes" ko'plikda kelgani uchun butun tortlardan bir nechtasini tushunamiz.
3-gapda "some"dan so'ng "cake" birlikda kelgani uchun bitta tortning qanchadir qismini tushunamiz.
4-gapning ma'nosi 3-gap bilan bir xil.
Quyidagi gaplar inglizchada hech qachon ko'plik shaklda kelmaydi: bread (non), weather (ob-havo), information (ma'lumot), advice (maslahat), hair (soch), furniture (mebel), paper (qog'oz), news (yangilik).
Masalan, breads, hairs, papers deyish noto'g'ri, some bread, some paper, some hair kabi yoziladi. Bu so'zlar odatda sanalmasligi uchun a/an qo'yilmaydi. Ammo "a newspaper" (gazeta) so'zida a/an ishlatsa bo'ladi.
I bought a pen, some bread and some cheese - Men ruchka, qanchadir non va pishloq xarid qildim.

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