2020-08-27 22:41:52
group 2 verbs are the easiest of all, you basically change る from the dictionary form into whatever, so for the て form, you change る for て, for the ます form, you just change the る for ます
for example:
dictionary form (also, present indicative, informal): 食べる
ます form (present indicative, polite): 食べます
て form: 食べて
negative form: 食べない
there are more forms, you can see them in tools like Japanese verb conjugation websites/applications/lists, but these are basically the most common you'll see, and others basically can be derived from these, and you should practice all forms several times to not really have to think about them anyway
if you wanted to use conditional sentences, you would use the た form, which is basically the same as て form but with た, and adding after ら, here's an example:
運動しなかったら太る[うんどうしなかったらふとる] "if you don't exercise you'll get fat"
運動 [うんどう] = exercise
太る = "to get fat" (group 1 verb)
now, しなかったら is a bit packed with meaning, so we'll go through it bit by bit
する is the present form, it means "to do", it's used with nouns, like 'exercise', or 'study' (think about 勉強する [べんきょうする])
the past form (the た form) is した (する is a group 3 verb, it's irregular)
the negative form is しない
the negative past form is しなかった (yeah, you change い for かった)
then, adding ら at the end, changes the meaning from "negative past form", to conditional
so しなかったら means "if not do (the thing before)"
now, it is "you'll get fat" and not simply "get fat" because the dictionary form of the verb can mean present, or future, and because of the context, of course
that's why 運動しなかったら太る which is roughly "exercise if not done get fat", means "if you don't exercise you'll get fat"
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