FREE JEE NEET NOTES

2021-12-16 19:46:19 Doubtnut ke Study Channels par ab sirf Instant doubt solving hi nahi
Milenge PDFs , Latest News , Previous Year Papers , Free Live Classes & aur bhi bhot kuch

Abhi join karein Doubtnut , Official Telegram Channel ko!!

Doubtnut NEET
➤ CLICK HERE

Doubtnut IIT JEE
➤ CLICK HERE

Doubtnut CBSE
➤ CLICK HERE Open / Comment

2021-12-16 15:00:15 Father of Biology : Aristole
Father of Modern Biology: Linnaeus
Father of Antibiotics fb: Alexander Fleming
Father of Taxonomy : Carolus Linnaeus
Father of Immunology : Edward Jenner
Father of Microbiology : Anton van Leenuwenhoek
Father of Modern Microbiology : Louis Pasteur
Father of Medical Microbiology : Robert Koch
Father of Pathology : Rudolph Virchow
Father of Bacteriology : Robert Koch
Father of Virology : W.M.Stanley
Father of Embryology : Aristotle
Father of Modern Embryology : Ernst Von Baer
Father of Physiology : Stephan Hales
Father of Modern experimental physiology : Calude Bernard
Father of Genetics : Rev. Gregor Mendel
Father of Modern Genetics : Bateson
Father of Human Genetics/ Biochemical genetics : Arachibald Garrod
Father of Experimental Genetics : T.H. Morgan
Father of Haploid Genetics / Neurospora Genetics : Dodge
Father of Ecology : Theophrastus
Father of Cloning : Ian Willmut
Father of Plant anatomy : Grew
Father of Histology (Microscopic anatomy) : Malpighi
Father of Cytology : Robert Hooke
Father of modern Cytology : Swanson
Father of Paleontology : Leonard da Vinci
Father of modern Paleontology : Cuvier
Father of Concept of Evolution: Empedocles
Father of Botany: Theophrastus
Father of Modern Botany : Bauhin
Father of Zoology : Aristotle
Father of Biochemistry : Liebig
Father of Epidemiology : John Snow
Father of Plant Pathology : de Bary
Father of Modern Pathology : Rudolf Virchow
Father of Genetic Engineering : Paul Berg
Father of Gene therapy : Anderson
Father of Ethology : Konard Lorentz
Father of Endocrinology : Thomas Addison
Father of Eugenics : Galton
Father of Gerantology : Korenchevsk
Father of Palynology : Erdtman
Father of Stress physiology : Hans Selye
Father of Electrocardiography : Einthoven
Father of DNA Fingerprinting : Alec Jeffery
Father of Mycology : Micheli
Father of Bryology : Hedwig
Father of Phycology:Father of ATP cycle: Lipmann
Father of Chemotherapy :Father of Anatomy : Herophilus
Father of Modern Anatomy : Andreas Vesalius
Father of actinobiology / radiation biology : HJVS Muller
Father of Homeopathy : Hahnemann
Father of Ayurveda : Charka
Father of Surgery and Plastic Surgery : Susruta
Father of Blood circulation : William Harvey
Father of Medicine : Hippocrates
Father of Blood Group : Landsteiner
Father of Polio Vaccine : Jonas Salk
Father of Green Revolution: Norman Borlaug Open / Comment

2021-12-16 13:39:28 Let’s aim for full marks in Biology Term 1 exam!!

Attend one shot revision!
Link: https://unacademy.onelink.me/k7y7/306ff2b0 Open / Comment

2021-12-16 10:14:29 Important Points For NEET

Evidences from comparative morphology and anatomy :-

Examples of homologous organs:

(i) Forelimbs of mammals
(ii) Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendril of Cucurbita both are modification of axillary bud.
(iii)Vertebrate hearts or brains
(iv)Mouth parts of insects :
Cockroach Honey bee Mosquito
(Biting & chewing) (Chewing & lapping) (Piercing & Sucking)
(v) Testes in male and ovaries in female
(vi) Potato and Ginger - both are modified shoot
(vii) Radish and Carrot - both are modified roots

Examples of Analogous organs :

(i) Wings of butterfly and birds
(ii) Eye of the octopus and of mammals
(iii) Flippers of Penguins and Dolphins
(iv) Sweet potato (root modification) and potato (stem modification)
(v) Sting of bee and scorpion
(vi) Chloragogen cells of earthworm and liver of vertebrates Open / Comment

2021-12-16 10:05:20 Ace your Biology Term 1 exam!

Attend live shot revision today!
Link: https://unacademy.onelink.me/k7y7/97152866 Open / Comment

2021-12-15 20:29:29 Important Notes - Electrochemical Cells


► An electrochemical cell can convert electrical energy to chemical energy and can also convert electrical energy to chemical energy. There are two types of electrochemical cells- Galvanic cell and Electrolytic cell.

► Cathodes are usually metal electrodes. It is the electrode where reduction takes place. The cathode is the positive electrode in a galvanic cell and a negative electrode in an electrolytic cell. Electrons move into the cathode.

► A half-cell is half of an electrochemical cell (electrolytic or galvanic), where either oxidation or reduction occurs. At equilibrium, there is no transfer of electrons across the half cells. Therefore, the potential difference between them is nil.

► A salt bridge is a device used to connect the oxidation and reduction half-cells of a galvanic cell (a type of electrochemical cell). Strong electrolytes are generally used to make the salt bridges in electrochemical cells. Since ZnSO4 is not a strong electrolyte, it is not used to make salt bridges.

► Emf of a cell is equal to the maximum potential difference across its electrodes, which occurs when no current is drawn through the cell. It can also be defined as the net voltage between the oxidation and reduction half-reactions.

► Cell potential is an intensive property as it is independent of the amount of material present. Gibbs free energy is defined for an electrochemical cell and is an extensive property as it depends on the quantity of the material.

► Electrode potential is the tendency of an electrode to accept or to lose electrons. Electrode potential depends on the nature of the electrode, temperature of the solution and the concentration of metal ions in the solution. It doesn’t depend on the size of the electrode.

► The salt bridge connects the two half-cell solutions to complete the circuit of the electrochemical cell. The electrolytes of the salt bridge are generally prepared in agar-agar or gelatin so that the electrolytes are kept in a semi-solid phase and do not mix with the half-cell solutions and interfere with the electrochemical reaction.

► A salt bridge is a junction that connects the anodic and cathodic compartments in a cell or electrolytic solution. It maintains electrical neutrality within the internal circuit, preventing the cell from rapidly running its reaction to equilibrium.

► A Voltaic or Galvanic cell is a type of electrochemical cell that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. Photovoltaic cells are used to convert light energy into electrical energy. An Electrolytic cell is a type of electrochemical cell that converts electrical energy into chemical energy. A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel and an oxidizing agent into electricity.

► For all spontaneous chemical reactions, the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) is always negative. For a spontaneous reaction in an electrolytic cell, the cell potential (E°cell) should be positive.

► In an electrochemical cell, when an opposing externally potential is applied and increased slowly, the reaction continues to take place. When the external potential is equal to the potential of the cell, the reaction stops. Once the externally applied potential is greater than the potential of the cell, the reaction goes in the opposite direction and the cell behaves like an electrolytic cell.

► Primary cells cannot be used again and again. Since there is no fluid inside, these cells are also known as dry cells. The internal resistance is high and the chemical reaction is irreversible. Their initial cost is cheap.

► A secondary battery (a series of cells) is one which can be charged, discharged into a load, and recharged many times. Nickel-cadmium cell, Lead storage cell and Mercury cell are examples of secondary cells. Leclanche cell is an example of a primary cell. Open / Comment

2021-12-15 19:03:25 Doubtnut ke Study Channels par ab sirf Instant doubt solving hi nahi
Milenge PDFs , Latest News , Previous Year Papers , Free Live Classes & aur bhi bhot kuch

Abhi join karein Doubtnut , Official Telegram Channel ko!!

Doubtnut NEET
➤ https://t.me/Doubtnut_NEET

Doubtnut IIT JEE
➤ https://t.me/DoubtnutIITJEE

Doubtnut CBSE
➤ https://t.me/DoubtnutCBSEBoards Open / Comment

2021-12-15 17:02:38 Let’s ace our CBSE Term 1 exams!!

Revise with us with full revision sessions!
Link: https://unacademy.onelink.me/k7y7/c006cc81 Open / Comment

2021-12-13 19:16:08 Cranial nerve

HANDWRITTEN SHORT NOTES

#UNACADEMY_NEET_TOPPERS Open / Comment

2021-12-10 22:47:24 Some Important Increasing Order :

1. Bond Angle :

(i) CH4 , C2H4 , C2H2
(ii) H2O, NH3 , CH4 , CO2
(iii) H2O, NH3 , CH4 , BH3
(iv) NO2—, NO2 , NO2+
(v) H2Se, H2S, H2O
(vi) AsH3 , PH3 , NH3
(vii) PF3 , PCl3 , PBr3 , PI3
(viii) NF3 , NCl3
(ix) NF3 , NH3 , NCl3
(x) OF2 , OH2 , Cl2O

2. Melting Point :

(i) Cs, Rb, K, Na, Li
(ii) Mg, Ba, Sr, Ca, Be
(iii) CaI2 , CaBr2 , CaCl2 , CaF2
(iv) BeCl2 , MgCl2 , CaCl2 , SrCl2 , BaCl2
(v) NaI, NaBr, NaCl, NaF
(vi) CsCl, RbCl, KCl, NaCl
(vii) AlCl3 , MgCl2 , NaCl

3.Boiling Point :

(i) PH3 , AsH3 , NH3 , SbH3
(ii) H2S, H2Se, H2O
(iii) HCl, HBr, HI, HF
(iv) NH3 , HF, H2O
(v) He, Ne, Ar, Kr
(vi) H2O, D2O
(vii) H2 , Cl2 , Br2

4.Dipole moments :

(i) CCl4 , CHCl3 , CH2Cl2 ,CH3Cl
(ii) NF3 , NH3 , H2O, HF
(iii) Cis-chloropropene, Trans-chloropropene
(iv) p, m, o-dichlorobenzene
(v) CH3I, CH3Br, CH3F, CH3Cl
(vi) NH3 , SO2 , H2O, HF
(vii) H2S, H2O
(viii) HI, HBr, HCl, HF
(ix) PH3 , ASH3 , SbH3 , NH3
(x) H2O, H2O2 Open / Comment