Pyloric stenosis usually presents in the first 4–8 weeks of li | Surgery videos & books

Pyloric stenosis usually presents in the first 4–8 weeks of life. Parents usually report nonbilious emesis after feeding, which progresses to a projectile nature. Untreated, this will become a complete obstruction. On examination, an “olive sign” or mass in the right upper quadrant is often found. Ultrasound is the best radiologic test. These infants may present with dehydration and metabolic abnormalities from the emesis. The most common abnormality is hypokalemic, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. While surgical correction is urgent, it is not emergent. These infants should be resuscitated with IV fluids and their metabolic derangements corrected before an operation. The surgical treatment is a pyloromyotomy, which involves splitting the hypertrophic muscles of the pylorus while keeping the mucosa intact. This can be performed either open or laparoscopically. Patients are usually allowed to feed within hours of their operation.