UPSC Environment Ecology Prelims National Parks

2023-05-08 19:13:12 Danube Sturgeon

In News

According to a report released by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), the illegal sale of Danube Sturgeon, one of the most endangered species in the world, is rampant in the lower Danube (River) region, especially in Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, and Ukraine.

The Danube is the second-longest river in Europe after the Volga.

They are called ‘living fossils’ because their appearance has altered very little over the years.

Danube sturgeons live mostly in the Black Sea, migrating up the Danube and other major rivers to spawn.

Threats

Over-exploitation and poaching (exacerbated by poor fishery management and insufficient legal enforcement of fishing bans).

Blocked migration routes through dams.

Loss or degradation of habitats.


Protection Status:

IUCN Red list: There are 6 species of sturgeon in the Danube River. Five of them are now listed as critically endangered.

CITES: Appendix-II. Open / Comment

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2023-05-08 08:56:21 Mukundra Hills Tiger Reserve


In News

A nine-year-old full-term pregnant tigress suffering from severe constipation recently died at the Mukundra Hills Tiger Reserve during treatment.

Mukundra Hills Tiger Reserve is popularly known as Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary.

The park is situated in a valley formed by two parallel mountains viz. Mukundra and Gargola.

It consists of three wildlife sanctuaries: Darrah wildlife sanctuary, Chambal wildlife sanctuary and Jaswant Sagar wildlife sanctuary.

This tiger reserve was once a hunting preserve belonging to the Maharaja of Kota.

It is located on the eastern bank of the Chambal River and is drained by its tributaries.

The important fauna includes Leopard, Sloth bear, Nilgai, Chinkara, Spotted Deer, Small Indian Civet, Toddy Cat, Jackal, Hyena, Jungle Cat, Common Langur etc.

The common reptiles and amphibians are Pythons, Rat Snake, Buff-striped keelbacks, Green keelback, crocodiles, Gharial, Otter and Turtles Open / Comment

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2023-05-02 21:15:55 Achanakmar Tiger Reserves

Achanakmar Tiger Reserve is located in the Bilaspur district of Chhattisgarh.

It was declared a tiger reserve in 2009.

It is a part of the huge Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve.

Maniyari River flows right from the centre of this reserve, which is the forest’s lifeline.

It has a corridor connecting to Kanha and Bandhavgarh Tiger reserves and plays a critical role in the dispersal of tigers among these reserves.

Vegetation: Tropical deciduous forest.

Flora: Sal, bija, saja, haldu, teak, tinsa, dhawara, lendia, khamar and bamboo bloom here along with over 600 species of medicinal plants.

Fauna: Wild fauna includes the tiger, leopard, bison, flying squirrel, Indian giant squirrel, chinkara, wild dog, hyena, sambar, chital and over 150 species of birds. Open / Comment

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