Environment Ecology Science

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2021-07-04 15:30:02 India’s National Action Plan on Climate Change :

The implementation of the Plan includes public private partnerships and civil society action.

The focus will be on promoting understanding of climate change, adaptation and mitigation, energy efficiency and natural resource conservation.

The National Action Plan hinges on the development and use of new technologies.

There are Eight National Missions which form the core of the National Action Plan. Open / Comment

2021-07-03 15:30:02 Environment Related Act
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Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981

Biological Diversity Act, 2002

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

National Environment Appellate Authority act -1997

Forest Conservation Act, 1980

Indian Forest Act, 1927

The National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995

National Green Tribunal Act, 2010

Noise Pollution rule, 2000

Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act of 2001

Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991

Wildlife Protection Act of 1972

Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 Open / Comment

2021-07-03 14:30:04 Prelims 2021 Notes

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2021-07-02 15:30:03 Nitrogen By Lightning [Atmosphere]

Nitrogen in the atmosphere can be transformed into a plant-usable form, a process called nitrogen fixation, by lightning.

Each bolt of lightning carries electrical energy that is powerful enough to break the strong bonds of the nitrogen molecule in the atmosphere. Once split, the nitrogen atoms quickly bond to oxygen in the atmosphere, forming nitrogen dioxide.

Nitrogen dioxide dissolves in rainwater, creating nitric acid, which forms nitrates. The nitrates fall to the ground in raindrops and seep into the soil in a form that can be absorbed by plants.

Lightning does add nitrogen to the soil, as nitrates dissolve in precipitation. This helps plants, but microorganisms in the soil do the vast majority of nitrogen fixation. Open / Comment

2021-07-02 12:48:44 Ethics Special Channel Open / Comment

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2021-07-01 15:30:06 WHITEFLIES

why news Researchers have found that the host range of all of the invasive whiteflies was increasing due to their polyphagous nature (ability to feed on various kinds of food) and prolific breeding.

Whiteflies are Hemipterans that typically feed on the undersides of plant leaves. They comprise the family Aleyrodidae, the only family in the superfamily Aleyrodoidea.

In warm or tropical climates and especially in greenhouses, whiteflies present major problems in crop protection.

Whiteflies are one of the top ten devastating pests in the world that damage more than 2000 plant species and also function as vectors for some 200-plant viruses.

Cotton is one of the worst hit crops by these. Bt cotton is not resistant against white flies.

Other invasive whiteflies were also found to expand their host range on valuable plants species, especially coconut, banana, mango, sapota, guava, cashew, oil palm, and ornamental plants such as bottle palm, false bird of paradise, butterfly palm and important medicinal plants.

The whiteflies are difficult to control by using synthetic insecticides, and hence currently naturally occurring insect predators, parasitoids and entomopathogenic fungi (fungi that can kill insets) are being used. Open / Comment

2021-06-30 15:30:01 India hosts 4 biodiversity hotspots

1-the Himalayas,

2-the Western Ghats,

3-the Indo-Burma region and
 
4-Sundaland (Includes Nicobar group of Islands).

These hotspots have numerous endemic species.

Biodiversity is the collection of flora and fauna of a place. Biodiversity Hotspot is a region which is a prime location for the existence of rich biodiversity but also faces the threat of destruction. It is a place which needs our immediate and constant attention to survive and thrive in the future as well.

This idea of identifying hotspots was put forth by Norman Myers in 1988. Open / Comment