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2023-03-18 21:50:38 Open / Comment

2023-03-14 19:56:16 What is grandfather paradox?

This paradox is an example of a problem arising from the effect of time travel on causality, the idea that a cause must precede its effect.

It suggests that a cause is eliminated by its own effect, thus preventing its own cause and essentially becoming reverse causation.

The classic analogy for this, and the one that gives the paradox its name, is a time traveler journeying back in time and killing their own biological grandfather before they can sire children. This means the time traveler could never have come to exist and, as a consequence, can't travel back in time and thus can't kill their own grandfather. That means they then are born and can go back in time, hence the paradox.

In a recent study, researchers may have shown mathematically that the universe can self-correct to avoid inconsistencies. If this is true, then even if we could travel back in time, we would never be able to alter events to create a different future.

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2023-03-13 20:54:24 Is time travel possible?

For most people “time travel” means traveling faster than 1 second per second.

Real-life time travel occurs through time dilation, a property of Einstein’s special relativity.

The faster you travel, the slower you experience time.

Scientists have shown that this theory is true. They used two clocks set to the exact same time. One clock stayed on Earth, while the other flew in an airplane going in the same direction Earth rotates. After the airplane flew around the world, scientists compared the two clocks. The clock on the fast-moving airplane was slightly behind the clock on the ground. So, the clock on the airplane was traveling slightly slower in time than 1 second per second.

In order to send a traveller years into the future, we would either have to take advantage of the intense gravitational acceleration caused by black holes or send the traveller rocketing into space at close to the speed of light (about 1 billion km/h).

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2023-03-08 19:12:28 Open / Comment

2023-03-07 21:53:29 What are three laws of motion?

Sir Isaac Newton's three laws of motion describe the motion of massive bodies and how they interact.

Presented in 1686, these three laws are:

Objects in motion or at rest remain in the same state unless an external force imposes change. It is the concept of inertia.

The force acting on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration. In other words, you can calculate how much force it takes to move objects with various masses at different speeds.
In mathematical form it is F = ma, where F is force, m is mass, and a is acceleration. The bold letters indicate that force and acceleration are vector quantities – they have both magnitude and direction.

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

They formed the basis for our understanding of mechanics and gravity and in Newton’s time were considered revolutionary.

The thing that could’t be explained by these laws is light.

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2023-02-28 13:53:30 Open / Comment

2023-02-24 20:24:23 What is Origami?

Origami art is the traditional Japanese craft of folding a sheet of paper into objects and figures. Ori translates as “folded” and kami means “paper”.

Paper was introduced to Japan in the 6th century. At that time, the practice of paper folding emerged as a ceremonial Shinto ritual. It was not until Japan's Edo Period (1603 – 1868) that origami also became a leisurely activity and an art form.

Any paper, of any size, can be used for making origami. The origami sheets are typically prepackaged and sold in 6- or 7-inch (15.5- or 17.8-cm) squares. As a rule, each sheet is colored or decoratively patterned on one side and solid white on the other. Sometimes, this contrast is critical to a folded figure’s design.

Of the thousands of recorded sculptural art forms made by folding paper, as much as 95% of them start as a perfect square.

The iconic figure of origami paper art is the bird, and the undisputed masterpiece is the flying crane.

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2023-02-20 19:12:56 What are the types of calendars?

The motion (or apparent motion) of the Sun and the Moon provide temporal cycles which have strongly influenced the design of most calendars.

Most calendars usually attempt to accord either with the solar cycle (the cycle of the seasons) or with the lunar cycle (the cycle of the phases of the Moon) or with both.

There are over forty calendars currently in use, and many others that have been used or have been invented.

Calendars thus come in many forms and, according to specialists, may be divided into five kinds:

Purely lunar calendars
Those which are based on the natural cycles of the Moon, which have months which attempt to stay as closely as possible in sync with the lunar phases, and whose years (composed of months) have no close relation with the solar cycle. A good example of this type is the Muslim Calendar.

Purely solar calendars
Those which are based on the cycle of the seasons, which results from the motion of the Earth around the Sun (and the fact that the Earth's axis of rotation is tilted significantly with respect to the Earth's plane of rotation about the Sun). These calendars have years, which accord with the seasonal cycle and begin at or near a fixed point in that cycle (for example, the vernal equinox). Years in a purely solar calendar may be composed of months, but the months have little if any connection with the lunar cycle, for example, the the Gregorian Calendar (Common Era Calendar with years designated according to the astronomical system) commonly in use today.

Lunisolar calendars and Solilunar calendars
These calendars aim to be both solar calendars and lunar calendars.
Lunisolar calendars are more successful in tracking the seasonal cycle than the lunar cycle. Such a calendar consists of years which accord closely with the seasonal cycle and months which accord more-or-less closely with the lunar cycle. An example of a lunisolar calendar is the Hindu calendar.
Solilunar calendars are more successful in tracking the lunar cycle than the seasonal cycle. They consist of months which accord closely with the lunar cycle and years which accord more-or-less closely with the seasonal cycle, for example, the Chinese Calendar or the Hebrew Calendar.
Usually solilunar calendars and lunisolar calendars are regarded as forming a single class: 'lunisolar calendars'.

Lunistellar calendars
Some experts suggested that a classification of calendars should also include the category of 'lunistellar'. The Egyptian Calendar is considered to be such a calendar.

Other calendars
Some calendars apparently make little or no attempt to accord with the cycles of the Moon or of the Sun. For example, the Tzolkin and the Long Count in the Maya Calendar. Some of these calendars may accord with other astronomical cycles, such as that associated with the planet Venus. Open / Comment

2023-02-19 12:53:46 What is a calendar that consists of three separate calendars?

it is the Mayan Calendar, that consists of three separate corresponding calendars: the Long Count, the Tzolkin (divine calendar), and the Haab (civil calendar). Each of them is cyclical, meaning that a certain number of days must occur before a new cycle can begin.

Being used simultaneously,
the Tzolkin and the Haab identify the days, but not the years
the Long Count date comes first, then the Tzolkin date, and last the Haab date.

A typical Mayan date would read: 13.0.0.0.0 4 Ahau 8 Kumku.

A date is specified by its position in both the Tzolkin and the Haab calendars. This creates a total of 18,980 unique date combinations, which are used to identify each day within a cycle lasting about 52 years. This period is called the Calendar Round.

The Mayan c. is still in use in some Mayan communities. It dates back to the 5th century BCE, but the same system was also used by other indigenous peoples of America.

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2023-02-16 19:51:18 Open / Comment