2021-04-23 01:27:19
Zamonlarni qo’lashda qilinadigan xatolar
Tugagan vaqt ko’rsatkichlari bilan Past Simple ni o’rniga Present Perfect ni ishlatish xato
Wrong: I have seen a good film yesterday
Right: I saw a good film yesterday
Qoida: Biz o’tgan zamon vaqtlari bilan Present Perfect(hozirgi tugallangan zamon) ishlatmaymiz. Tugan vaqt ko’rsatkichlari bilan Past simple ishlatamiz(o’tgan oddiy zamon) ishlatamiz. Agar gapda o’tgan zamon paytini bildiruvchi so’zlar va birikmalar bo’lsa masalan: yesterday, last week, last night, then, ago, till 2001..etc Past simple ishlatamiz
Hayotiy tajribalar uchun Present Perfect o’rniga Past simple ishlatish xato.
Wrong: I never saw this film
Right: I've never seen this film
Qoida: Hayotiy tajriba bu nima degani : Biz hayotimizda bajargan narsalar haqida gapirsak Present Perfectni ishlatamiz. Unutmang muximi qachon bajarganmiz aytilmasligi kerak. Siz qachon bajarganingizni aytingizmi past simple ishlatiladi. Buyerda muximi biror kishi hayoti davomida shu ishni qilgan yoki qilmaganini aytish. Biz aytayotgan odam tirik bo’lshi kerak. Agar buvim Amerkada bo’lgan desangiz- buvingiz tirik bo’lshi kerak. Tirik bo’lmasa Past simple ishlatasiz.
I have been to India.- Men Hindistonda bo’lganman(Umrim davomida shu ishni bajarganliginmni etyabman menda bajarish tajribasi bor)
Been va Gone fe’llarida qilinadigan xatolar:
Wrong: 'Where is John?' 'He has been to Sydney.'
Right: 'Where is John?' 'He has gone to Sydney.'
Qoida: He has been to Sydney degani U o’tgan zamonda Sidneyga borgan va qaytib kelgan. Va unda Sidneyga borib kelish tajribasi bor. Sidney u uchun begona shaxar emas
He has gone to Sydney degani u Sidneyga ketgan va hali ham Sidneyda, U qaytmagan
Biz Been to’liq tugatilgan sayohatlar uchun ishlatamiz.Agar siz biror joyga borsangiz va keyin qaytsangiz buyerda Been ishlatasiz. Agar biror joyga borib uyga qaytmagan bo’lsangiz Gone ishlatasiz.
Since bilan Present Perfect o’rniga past/present simple ishlatish xato.Since+ clause or Since+time faqat Perfect zamonlarda ishlatiladi
Wrong: I know/knew Karen since 1994
Right: I've known Karen since 1994
Qoida: Since- dan beri degan ma’no beradi va ish-harakatni qachon boshlangani bildiradi. Since 1995- 1995 yildan beri, since April- Apreldan beri. Since faqat Perfect zamonlarda ishlatiladi.
Biz Present Perfectni o’tgan zamonda boshlangan va hozirgacha davom etib kelyotgan ish-harakatlar uchun ishlatamiz. Bunda qancha vaqtdan beri davom etayotganligini aytish uchun bizga for va since kerak bo’ladi. For va since uzbek tiliga dan beri deb tarjima qilnadi.
I've known Karen since 1994- Men Karenni 1994 yildan beri bilaman
She's lived in London for three years.- U 3 yildan beri Londonda yashaydi
I've worked here for six months – Men buyerda 6 oydan beri ishlayman
Rejalashtirligan ish-harakatlar uchun present continuous o’rniga present simple ishlatish xato
Wrong: I meet John after class today
Right: I'm meeting John after class today
Qoida: Biz kelasi zamonda rejalashtirgan ish-harakatlarni aytishda Present continuousdan foydalanamiz. Bunda kelasi zamon payti bo’lishi kerak. Siz bu ish-harakatni rejlashtirib qo’ygan bo’lasiz
I'm meeting John after class today. – Men darsdan kegin John bilan uchrashaman( men buni gapirayotgan paytimdan oldinroq reja qilganman)
Sizlar uchun maxsus
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