UPSC GS1 History Art Culture

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2021-08-25 16:22:24 Earliest Sanskrit Inscription Found In South India

Why In News: The Epigraphy Branch of the Archaeological Survey of India has found the earliest epigraphic evidence for the Saptamatrika cult.
It was recently discovered in Chebrolu village in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh.

Saptamatrikas:

Saptamatrikas are a group of seven female deities worshipped in Hinduism as personifying the energy
of their respective consorts.
There are references of Saptamatrika worship in the early Kadamba copper plates and the early Chalukyas
and Eastern Chalukya copper plates.
The new discovery predates them by almost 200 years.

Chebrolu Inscription details:

It is the earliest Sanskrit inscription to have been discovered in South India.
Before this discovery, the Nagarjunakonda inscription of Ikshavaku king Ehavala Chantamula issued in his 11th regnal year corresponding to the 4th century A.D. was considered the earliest Sanskrit inscription in South India.
The inscription came to light when some local villagers informed the authorities of the presence of a pillar with some engravings when they were restoring and repairing the local Bheemeshwara temple.
The inscription is in Sanskrit and in Brahmi characters .
It was issued by Satavahana king Vijaya in 207 A.D.
It records the construction of a prasada (temple), a mandapa and consecration of images on the southern side of the temple by a person named Kartika for the merit of the king at the temple of Bhagavathi (Goddess) Saktimatruka (Saptamatrika) at Tambrape ( the ancient name of Chebrolou).
The verification of all the available records proved that the Chebrolu inscription of Satavahana king Vijaya issued in his 5th regnal year – 207 A.D. — is the earliest datable Sanskrit inscription from South India.
The place also yielded another inscription in Prakrit language and of Brahmi characters and belongs to the 1st century A.D.

#mains
#prelims

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2021-08-22 10:02:55 Seven Sister's Musicscape

ASSAM

1. Being the most populous state of the region, Assam dominates the music scenario in the region because of its rich history.
2. The origin of modern music in Assam dates back to 1883 when Satyanath Bora published Geetabali, the first book on Assamese songs.
During the early part of the Twentieth century AmbikagiriRai Choudhury (born in 1885), ushered in a revolutionary trend in modern music in the state with his compositions seeped in strong national fervour.
3. The most glorious chapter of the music industry in Assam started with the entry of quintessential Dr BhupenHazarika (in 1939) who dominated the scene till the 1980s and his songs continue to reverberate across the hills and valleys of Assam winning hearts across all communities.
4. The influence of western music on Assamese tunes, the inclusion of western instruments like guitar, mandolin, triple, African drums, were significant in the music of Assam during this era.
5. In the meantime, a few rock bands have come of age in the state. Lucid Recess is an alternative metal rockband from Guwahati.

MEGHALAYA

1. For its majority Christian community, gospel singing has been pan of life.
2. Lou Majaw is a living legend in music of Meghalaya.
3. Shillong is known as the Rock Capital of India.

Nagaland, Mizoram , Arunachal Pradesh , Tripura

1. Gospel, Folk and rock music, all can be found in these states.
2. Rock Band Culture is very popular in these states.
3. Death Metal is very famous in Arunachal Pradesh.

MANIPUR

1. Rock Band Culture is very popular in Manipur.
2. MangkaMaynglambam, a Manipuri Folk, classical and contemporary song performer and a pena player has become very famous.
3. YumlembamGambhini Devi is an eminent dancer and singer of Manipur. She is the first female artist in the state to get the "Top" grade artist of All India Radio, Imphal in Nat Shankirtana Music in 2008.
In 2005, GoIhas awarded her with Padma Shri.
She is also recipient of SangeetNatak Academy Award in 1988.



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2021-08-16 13:21:02 RANA PUNJA BHIL

A dispute in Rajasthan’s Udaipur district over hoisting of a flag on August 9 on the statue of Rana Punja Bhil, a historical figure considered as a hero by the tribal Bhil community, has triggered tensions between Adivasi groups and BJP members.

After the Amagarh fort dispute, this is the second issue in Rajasthan within a month when Adivasi groups and Hindu outfits are at odds over tribal history.

According to historians, Punja Bhil was a contemporary of 16th century ruler of Mewar, Maharana Pratap.

When Maharana Pratap was readying for the battle with Akbar, the tribal Bhil community voluntarily came to his assistance and at the time the Bhil army was commanded by Punja. Owing to his status as a commander, he was bestowed the title of Rana.

After the Amagarh fort dispute, this is the second issue in Rajasthan within a month when Adivasi groups and Hindu outfits are at odds over tribal history.

According to historians, Punja Bhil was a contemporary of 16th century ruler of Mewar, Maharana Pratap.

When Maharana Pratap was readying for the battle with Akbar, the tribal Bhil community voluntarily came to his assistance and at the time the Bhil army was commanded by Punja. Owing to his status as a commander, he was bestowed the title of Rana.

Credit vajiramias


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2021-08-15 13:20:29 MUGHAL Architecture

1.AKBAR-use of red sandstone
Agra Fort
Buland Darwaza , Salim Chisti’s Tomb, Panch Mahal- FATEHPUR SIKRI

2.JAHANGIR
Akbar’s Tomb(Sikandra), Shalimar Bagh(kashmir) , Moti majid(Lahore)

3.SHAH JAHAN
Taj Mahal , Red fort (Delhi), Jama Masjid(Delhi), Moti Masjid(Agra)

4.AURANGZEB
Bibi ka Maqbara(Aurangabad)- Imitation of Taj Mahal
Tomb of Safdarjung , Moti Masjid(Delhi)

NOTE: RAJASTHANI & SIKH styles also developed during the Mughal Period


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2021-08-15 05:18:12 #Amrit_Mahotsav

#75_independence_Day


Happy independence day all of you

Jay Hind

keep remembering our freedom fighters
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2021-08-14 19:31:26 Removing Soon....... Open / Comment

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2021-08-09 15:27:02 Kalbeliya Dance

Why In News: Recently, due to Covid-19-Pandemic an app called chendavia is gaining popularity among the students of kalbeliya dance.

Kalbeliya dances are an expression of the Kalbelia community’s traditional way of life.
It is associated with a Rajasthani tribe of the same name.
It was included in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organizations (UNESCO) list of Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) in 2010.
Once professional snake handlers, Kalbelia community today evoke their former occupation in music and dance that is evolving in new and creative ways.
Today, women in flowing black skirts dance and swirl, replicating the movements of a serpent, while men accompany them on the khanjari percussion instrument and the poongi, a woodwind instrument traditionally played to capture snakes.
The dancers wear traditional tattoo designs, jewellery and garments richly embroidered with small mirrors and silver thread.
Kalbelia songs disseminate mythological knowledge through stories, while special traditional dances are performed during Holi, the festival of colours.
The songs also demonstrate the poetic acumen of the Kalbelia, who are reputed to compose lyrics spontaneously and improvise songs during performances.
Transmitted from generation to generation, the songs and dances form part of an oral tradition for which no texts or training manuals exist.
Other Traditional Folk Dances of Rajasthan: Gair, Kachchhi Ghodi, Ghoomar, Bhavai, etc


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