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2021-05-13 14:02:30 A simple and fast solution to the Oxygen crisis

IIT Bombay shows how to solve the prevailing Oxygen shortage by converting Nitrogen Generator into Oxygen Generator.

Details:

◆ A pilot project of IIT-Bombay which converts a PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption) Nitrogen Unit to a PSA Oxygen Unit has been tested successfully.

◆ Oxygen production could be achieved at 3.5 atm pressure, with a purity level of 93% – 96 %.

◆ This gaseous oxygen can be utilised for COVID-related needs across existing hospitals and upcoming COVID-19 specific facilities by providing a continuous supply of oxygen.

How is the nitrogen unit being converted into an oxygen unit?

◆ It has been done by fine-tuning the existing Nitrogen Plant setup and changing the molecular sieves from Carbon to Zeolite.

◆ The pilot project is a collaborative effort between IIT Bombay, Tata Consulting Engineers and Spantech Engineers, Mumbai, who deal with PSA Nitrogen & Oxygen plant production.

Pressure Swing Adsorption:

◆ Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) is a technology used to separate some gas species from a mixture of gases under pressure.

◆ PSA operates at near-ambient temperatures (temperature relating to the immediate surroundings) and differs significantly from cryogenic distillation techniques of gas separation.

◆ Cryogenic separation is a commercial process that takes place at very low temperature.

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2021-05-13 11:32:29 UPSC CSE 2021 PRE Exam Reschedule for 10th October 2021

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New Date-- 10th October 2021

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2021-05-13 09:45:54 MACS 1407

Indian Scientists have developed a high-yielding and pest-resistant variety of soybean.

This newly developed variety called MACS 1407 is suitable for cultivation in the states of Assam, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and North-Eastern states.

Its seeds will be made available to farmers for sowing during the 2022 Kharif season.

The new variety has been developed by scientists from MACS – Agharkar Research Institute (ARI), Pune, an autonomous institute of the Department of Science & Technology, Government of India in collaboration with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi.

The variety was developed using the conventional cross breeding technique.

MACS 1407 gives 39 quintals per hectare making it a high yielding variety and is also resistant to major insect-pests like girdle beetle, leaf miner, leaf roller, stem fly, aphids, white fly and defoliators.

Its thick stem, higher pod insertion (7 cm) from ground, and resistance to pod shattering make it suitable even for mechanical harvesting.

It is suitable for rain-fed conditions of north-east India.

Its seeds have 19.81 % oil content, 41 % protein content and show good germinability.

This high yielding, pest resistant, low water and fertiliser requiring soybean variety, suitable for mechanical harvesting has recently been released by the Central Sub-Committee on Crop Standards, Notification and Release of Varieties of Agricultural Crops under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare making it legally available for seed production and cultivation.

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2021-05-12 18:49:03 Waste Management

Integrated Solar Dryer and Pyrolysis pilot inaugurated in Chennai.

The pilot is part of the Indo-German project ‘Pyrasol’ launched to transform urban organic waste into biochar and energy in smart cities.

It was awarded to CSIR-CLRI by the Indo-German Science & Technology Centre.

The project will ultimately lead to technology development for the joint processing of Fibrous Organic Waste (FOW) and Sewage Sludge (SS) of Indian smart cities into hygienic and highly valuable biochar associated with energy recovery, carbon sequestration and environmental improvement.

About Indo-German Science & Technology Centre:

◆ Indo-German Science & Technology Centre (IGSTC) was established by the Department of Science & Technology (DST), Govt. of India & Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Govt. of Germany to facilitate Indo-German R&D networking with emphasis on industry participation, applied research and technology development.

◆ IGSTC through its flagship program ‘2+2 Projects’, catalyses innovation centric R&D projects by synergising the strength of research and academic institutions and public/private industries from India and Germany.

Project Pyrasol:

◆ The project ‘Pyrasol: Smart Cities integrated energy supply, carbon sequestration and urban organic waste treatment through combined solar sludge drying and pyrolysis’ was awarded by IGSTC to CSIR-CLRI, Chennai; Ramky Enviro Engineers, Chennai; Leibniz Universität, Hannover and BiomaconGmbH, Rehburg.

◆ The project focuses on managing and organising collection, treatment, and disposal systems of urban wastes in Indian Smart Cities as well as in other urban centres with an integrated and interactive approach.

◆ Through this Pyrasol project, simple and robust processing technologies for urban organic waste will be combined in a synergetic manner and further developed to improve sanitation and welfare, supply regenerative energy, convert waste into products and reduce the carbon footprint of smart cities by an innovative organic waste drying system using the solar natural chimney effect followed by a high efficient single-chamber pyrolysis.

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2021-05-12 10:32:30 Python-5

DRDO conducts maiden trial of Python-5 Air to Air Missile.

Python is a family of air-to-air missiles (AAMs) built by the Israeli weapons manufacturer Rafael Advanced Defense Systems.

Now, India’s indigenous Light Combat Aircraft Tejas has added the 5th generation Python-5 Air-to-Air Missile in its air-to-air weapons capability.

Python 5 is the newest member in the range of Python AAMs.

The successful trials were conducted by the DRDO in Goa.

Prior to these trials, extensive missile carriage flight tests were conducted at Bengaluru to assess integration of the missile with aircraft systems on board the Tejas, like avionics, fire-control radar, missile weapon delivery system and the flight control system.

The missile can engage enemy aircraft from very short ranges and near beyond visual range.

Python-5 is considered among the most sophisticated guided missiles in the world.


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2021-05-11 18:56:17 Aditya-L1 Support Cell (AL1SC)

A community service centre has been set up to bring all data on board India’s first dedicated solar space mission to a single web-based interface enabling the users to quickly look at the data and identify the interesting science cases.

The community service centre is called Aditya-L1 Support Cell (AL1SC).

It is a joint effort of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), an autonomous institute of the Department of Science & Technology, Government of India.

It will be used by the guest observers in analyzing science data and preparing science observing proposals.

AL1SC set up at the transit campus of ARIES at Haldwani, Uttarakhand, will jointly work with ISRO to maximize utilization of science data from Aditya-L1 and facilitate India’s first dedicated solar space mission, Aditya-L1.

The centre will act as conduit between the users (student and faculty members from research institutes/universities/colleges, etc.) and payload teams of Aditya-L1 and the solar astronomy research community at large.

It is slated to develop specific tools to assist guest observers/researchers to prepare observing proposals for Aditya-L1 observations and will assist ISRO with the design and development of the required analysis software for handling scientific data.

The centre will also provide the co-aligned data from other observatories around the world that can complement the data obtained from Aditya-L1 allowing users to accomplish the science goals beyond the capabilities of the Aditya-L1.

In addition to this, AL1SC will also build capacity by establishing periodic training of the national user community on data analysis and proposal preparation.


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2021-05-11 17:00:22 Global Innovation Partnership

Cabinet gives ex-post facto approval to MoU between India and UK on Global Innovation Partnership (GIP).

GIP will support Indian innovators to scale up their innovations in third countries thereby helping them explore new markets and become self-sustainable. It will also foster the innovative ecosystem in India. GIP innovations will focus on Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) related sectors thereby assisting recipient countries achieve their SDGs.

Through seed funding, grants, investments and technical assistance, the Partnership will support Indian entrepreneurs and innovators to test, scale up and take their innovative development solutions to select developing countries.

The innovations selected under GIP would accelerate the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals and benefit the base of the pyramid populations thus promoting equity and inclusivity in recipient countries.

GIP will also develop an open and inclusive e-market place (E-BAAZAR) for cross border innovation transfer and will focus on results based impact assessment thereby promoting transparency and accountability.

About GIP Click Here

https://t.me/UPSC_PIB_NEWS/4105

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2021-05-11 10:13:53 Large Area Certification’ scheme

Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers’ Welfare (DAC&FW) is working to identify Traditional Organic Areas to transform them into certified organic production hubs.

What’s in the news?

◆ The Government of India has certified 14,491 ha of such area under Car Nicobar and Nancowry group of islands in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

◆ This area becomes the first large contiguous territory to be conferred with organic certification under the ‘Large Area Certification’ (LAC) scheme of the PGS-India (Participatory Guarantee System) certification programme.

◆ Under LAC, each village in the area is considered as one cluster/group.

◆ All farmers with their farmland and livestock need to adhere to the standard requirements and on being verified get certified en mass without the need to go under conversion period.

◆ Certification is renewed on annual basis through verification by a process of peer appraisals as per the process of PGS-India.

◆ The LAC is a quick certification programme under the Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana.

Benefits of LAC:

◆ As per the established norm of organic production systems, the areas having chemical input usage history are required to undergo a transition period of minimum 2-3 years to qualify as organic.

◆ During this period, farmers need to adopt standard organic agriculture practices and keep their farms under the certification process.

◆ On successful completion, such farms can be certified as organic after 2-3 years. The certification process also requires elaborate documentation and time to time verification by the certification authorities.

◆ Whereas under LAC requirements are simple and the area can be certified almost immediately.

◆ LAC is a quick certification process that is cost-effective and farmers do not have to wait for 2-3 years for marketing PGS organic certified products.

Background:

◆ Organic farming has been identified as a viable option promising safe and chemical residue-free food and long-term sustainability of food production systems.

◆ Realising the importance of environmental and human benefits of chemical-free farming, the Government of India through the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare has been promoting organic/natural farming through various schemes of Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana, Organic Mission in North East, etc. since 2014.

◆ The government is taking steps through the LAC to proactively transform traditional organic areas into certified organic.

◆ According to the ministry, there are traditional areas in Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, north-eastern states and tribal belts of Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh and desert districts of Rajasthan which can be transformed to ‘certified organic’.

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