CSE MAINS BOOSTER

2022-05-21 19:19:32 #Economy

LAND BANKS

Why in News?

The Department of Investment and Public Asset Management has finalised the structure of the Land Bank
Company that will be tasked with selling land parcels owned by government departments and public sector companies.

What is a Land Bank?

Land bank is a governmental entity or non-profit corporation that helps manage and dispose of vacant properties, vacant land, or tax-delinquent properties so that vacant property can be redeveloped for a more productive use.

NITI Aayog’s strategy for New India @ 75 suggested to adopt the system of using Geographic Information System (GIS) based maps at all levels to create pre-approved land banks for manufacturing facilities.

Benefits of a land Bank

Land use efficiency: Land banks would allow for better utilisation of unused government land, including
that in notified SEZs, which has about 52% of vacant land.

Addressing inordinate delay in disposing Government land and lack of coordination between various
ministries.

Boosts Investment: According to CPR (Centre for Policy Research) study, an estimated 7.7 million people in India are affected by conflict over 2.5 million hectares of land threatening investments worth
$200 billion.

Land bank can serve as a one-stop solution to the free and easy accessibility of all related
industrial information which will help in informed decision making by investors, boosting
investments.

Ease of Doing Business: Often large projects like Vedanta’s Bauxite mining project proposal in Odisha’s
Niyamgiri and Tata Motors’ project in Singur (West Bengal) got cancelled due to land issues. Availability of all associated permits and the near absence of land litigation would help reduce cost overruns, decreasing the corporate bankruptcy.

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2022-05-21 07:49:48 Admission Closing Soon...... Open / Comment

2022-05-21 06:06:02 For Fast Revision of Complete Mapping Static And Current Affairs..... Open / Comment

2022-05-21 05:07:27 Geography Mapping For Prelims 2022

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2022-05-19 19:51:05



UPSC CSAT - Comprehension - 2020 Question Paper Passage - Explanation Open / Comment

2022-05-18 19:46:43



UPSC CSAT - Partnership Basic Concepts by Bhushan Dhoot

Premier today at 5 pm Open / Comment

2022-05-16 05:12:09 Basic Structure Doctrine Related Developments #Prelims2022 Open / Comment

2022-05-15 09:52:09 Way Forward

Cooperation: Institutional structure that requires mandatory consultation between the Union and the states in the area of legislation under the concurrent list.

Residuary powers: They should be used sparingly, only as a last resort and not as the primary means for completing the exhaustiveness of lists.

Concurrent List: Matters which are central to achieving demonstrable national interest (M M Punchhi commission, in 2010 ).

There is a need to undertake a periodic review of the lists, focusing on

Removing entries that are now obsolete (such as Entry 34, List I: Courts of Wards for the estates of
Rulers of Indian States, Entry 37, List III: Boilers etc).

Adding entries as per present day needs of governance and also to reduce the legislative domain for
residuary powers to a minimum (such as Disaster Management, Consumer protection, Terrorism,
Emerging technologies etc.).

Appropriate placement of existing entries (framework suggested by Vidhi Centre for Legal Policy can be adopted)

It consists of two older principles (Ensuring the unity and integrity of India, Achieving balanced economic development) derived from the Constituent Assembly Debates, as well as two new principles (Promoting cultural autonomy and diversity, Enabling responsive governance) that have emerged from India’s post-independence experience. Open / Comment

2022-05-15 09:47:13 Need for Reforming the Seventh Schedule

State demands for greater autonomy

Erosions of division of functions:

For example, the constitution of the Planning Commission in 1951,
Shifting of the subjects like forest and education from the state to the Concurrent List by the 42nd
Amendment, etc.

Grievances regarding the allocation of residuary powers with the Centre: For ex: Rajamannar
Committee in Tamil Nadu, 1969 and the Anandpur Sahib Resolution in Punjab in 1973 recommended
transferring several entries to the State List, both from the Union and Concurrent Lists, and vesting
residuary powers in the States.

Need for decentralization:

Despite the 73rd and 74th Constitutional amendments, except in a few states,
there has been little progress at decentralisation—to both rural and urban local bodies.

The functions assigned are unclear, funds uncertain and inadequate, and decision-making
functionaries are mostly drawn from the state bureaucracy.

Changing Governance need: A subject that was vital for legislative allocation in 1950 may no longer be
relevant in the present. Concerns such as climate change and emerging technologies amongst others, while not conceivable at the time of constitutional drafting have now become imperatives of governance.

Centrally sponsored schemes should be flexible enough to allow states to adapt and innovate.

Recommendations of Sarkaria Commission (1988)

Residuary powers be transferred from the Union List to the Concurrent List, except for the residuary power to impose taxes which should be retained in the Union List.

States should be consulted by the Centre before the latter exercises its power over Concurrent List
entries.

Centre should limit the field it occupies with respect to Concurrent List entries to only as much as is
necessary for ensuring uniformity in basic issues of national policy. Open / Comment

2022-05-15 09:39:41 SEVENTH SCHEDULE

About Seventh Schedule

Article 246 confers legislative powers on the Parliament and the State Legislatures on the subjects
enumerated in the Seventh Schedule.

Broadly, entries that are related to national importance were allocated to the Union and entries of local
concern were allocated to the States.

As per Sarkaria Commission, concurrent list subjects are neither exclusively of national concern nor of local concern and hence occupy a constitutional ‘grey’ area.
Rationale behind the list system contained in the Seventh Schedule

Unity and Integrity of India: A strong central government could survive the communal frenzy and manage the increasingly complex administrative problems (like opposition from princely states) faced by the new nation.

Enabling responsive governance:

Small governments are seen as encouraging political participation,
bolstering the rights of minorities by protecting the rights of the individual against majoritarian impulses
the shared accommodation of various views, and communitarian values.

Balanced economic development: The unstable financial position of the new Indian state also favoured centralization. Provincial autonomy was seen as a hindrance to equitable distribution of wealth and development.

Others: As per Joint Committee Report of 1934 it was considered necessary to ensure that the provinces remained truly autonomous and could determine their jurisdiction independently.

This is indicative of the spirit of cooperation between the Union and the States that the founders
wanted to inculcate. Open / Comment