IlmTest

2021-11-27 19:36:39 ʿAbd Al-Raḥmān b. Abī Laylá: “No one has narrated to us that he has seen the Prophet, ﷺ, pray Al-Ḍuḥá, except Umm Hanīʿ; for indeed she said that the Prophet ﷺ entered her house on the day of the Fatḥ of Makkah, performed ġusl (ie: took a bath), and prayed eight rakʿāt. So I have never seen a prayer lighter than it (of Ṣalāt Al-Ḍuḥá), yet he would complete the rukūʿ and sujūd.”

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى، قَالَ: مَا أَخْبَرَنِي أَحَدٌ، أَنَّهُ رَأَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصَلِّي الضُّحَى غَيْرَ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ، فَإِنَّهَا حَدَّثَتْ «أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ بَيْتَهَا يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ، فَاغْتَسَلَ وَصَلَّى ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ، مَا رَأَتْهُ صَلَّى صَلَاةً قَطُّ أَخَفَّ مِنْهَا، غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُتِمُّ الرُّكُوعَ وَالسُّجُودَ»

Aḥmad b. Ḥanbal, al-Musnad 44/472 #26900
أحمد إبن حنبل، مسند ٤٤/٤٧٢ #٢٦٩٠٠
https://shamela.ws/book/13157/27537

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2021-11-27 18:34:07 And if they intended that the one being ordered is to emulate the One ordering in prohibiting something, such that he is to prohibit what is similar to it according to him, then using as proof this Āyah, and those similar to it, has no means with which to be justified.
وإن أراد أن للمأمور أن يتقدم بالآمر في تحريم شيء فيحرم ما يشبهه عنده، فالاحتجاج بهذه الآية وأشباهها لا وجه له،

Rather I fear that attributing a judgment to Allah by [saying] that He prohibited something due to an ʿillah (ie: underlying reason), would be an act of fabricating lies against Him, and that it would be a statement that the one making it has no knowledge of.
بل أخاف أن يكون الحكم على الله بأنه حرم ما حرمه من أجل علة فيه افتراء عليه، وقولا بما لا علم لقائله به،

Yet, were such a person to know (through explicit mention in a text) that [Allah] prohibited what He prohibited due to an ʿillah within it, what this person knew of this ʿillah would then be certain knowledge, while what we know of an ʿillah based on al-shabah (ie: similarity) would be knowledge based on shakk (ie: doubt).
مع أنا لو علمناه أيضا أنه حرم ما حرمه من أجل علة فيه لكان علمه بالعلة علم يقين، وعلمنا بعلة الشبه عندنا علم شك.

Abū Aḥmad al-Qaṣṣāb, al-Nukat Al-Dallah ʿalá al-Bayān fī Anwāʿ al-ʿUlūm wa ʿl-Aḥkām 1/431
أبو أحمد القصاب، النكت الدالة على البيان في أنواع العلوم والأحكام ١/٤٣١
https://shamela.ws/book/9065/462

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2021-11-26 15:27:08 And al-Khawārij were well-spoken, eloquent Arabs, in their tongue was the Qurʾān revealed,
والخوارج عرب فصحاء، بِلُغتهم نزل القرآن،

The only reason they fell into their deviancy was out of their ignorance of the Prophetic guidance,
وإنما أُتُوا من جهلهم بالهدي النبوي،

And their doing away with the need to seek guidance from the scholars of the Companions.
واستغنائهم عن الاهتداء بالعارفين به من الصحابة.

So what do you think the case in this time of ours is, where you find foreigners who cannot even produce a sound Arabic sentence,
فما بالك بزماننا هذا وأنت تجد فيه أفرادًا من الأعاجم لا يستطيع أحدهم تركيب جملة صحيحة بالعربية،

And who are not acquainted in the least with the Sunnah, and the tafāsīr of the Salaf,
وليس عنده من معرفة السنة وتفاسير السلف قليل ولا كثير،

Then (one of them will go and) delve into Allah's verses like someone self-conceited — such that he will look at an āyah and then track the meanings of its words from books on linguistics,
ثم تجده يخوض في آيات الله عَزَّ وَجَلَّ خوض المُدِلِّ بنفسه، فينظر في الآية، ثم يتتبع معاني ما فيها من الكلمات في كتب اللغة،

Based upon which he conjures up a meaning that agrees with his desires,
ثم يلفق من ذلك معنى كما يوافق هواه،

Alleging that it is what Allah the Mighty and Majestic meant,
فيزعم أنه مراد الله عزَّ وجلَّ،

And then he will base a new religion and a contrived sharīʿah upon that,
ثم يبني على ذلك دينًا جديدًا وشريعة مخترعة،

Declaring the Salaf to be misguided and belying the Sunnah, along with other (calamitous) things.
ويضلَّل سلف الأمة ويكذّب السنة، إلى غير ذلك؟!

And to Allah we complain.
فإلى الله المشتكى.

ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Muʿallimī al-Yamānī, Āthar 19/64
عبد الرحمن المعلمي اليماني، آثار ١٩/٦٤
https://shamela.ws/book/14381/8582

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2021-11-26 04:16:33 The Fast of Half of the Day of ʿĀshūrāʾ
صام نصف يوم عاشوراء

A fool once heard that the fast of ʿĀshūrāʾ was equivalent to the fast of one year.
سمع بعض المغفلين أن صوم يوم عاشوراء يعدل صوم سنة،

He decided to fast (from before al-Fajr) to al-Dhuhr,
فصام إلى الظهر وأكل،

And then remarked: “The reward of six months is sufficient for me.”
وقال: يكفيني ستة أشهر.

Ibn al-Jāwzī, Akhbār al-Ḥamqá wa ʾl-Muġaffalīn 1/178
ابن الجوزي، أخبار الحمقى والمغفلين ١/١٧٨
https://shamela.ws/book/11068/168

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2021-11-25 19:15:29 al-Shaykh al-Imām Abū ʿl-Ṭayyib said, “He who puts himself forth (as an authority) before he is ready, then he has sought his own disgrace.”

وَكَانَ الشَّيْخُ الْإِمَامُ أَبُو الطَّيِّبِ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ يَقُولُ: " مَنْ تَصَدَّرَ قَبْلَ أَوْانِهِ، فَقَدْ تَصَدَّى لِهَوَانِهِ "

al-Bayhaqī, Shuʿab al-ʾĪmān 10/516
البيهقي، شعب الإيمان ١٠/٥١٦
https://shamela.ws/book/10660/8474

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2021-11-25 18:20:25 Ṣilah reported that ʿAmmār said: “Whoever has three qualities has completed al-īmān (ie: the faith):
حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ صِلَةَ، عَنْ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: " ثَلَاثٌ مَنْ جَمَعَهُنَّ جَمَعَ الْإِيمَانَ:

al-inṣāf min nafsik (ie: a sense of fairness in yourself),
الْإِنْصَافُ مِنْ نَفْسِكَ،

Spending in charity despite difficult circumstances,
وَالْإِنْفَاقُ مِنَ الْإِقْتَارِ،

And offering peace to the world.”
وَبَذْلُ السَّلَامِ لِلْعَالِمِ "

Ibn Abī Shaybah, al-Muṣannaf 6/172 #30440
إبن أبي شيبة، مصنف ٦/١٧٢ #٣٠٤٤٠
https://shamela.ws/book/9944/34552

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2021-11-25 03:58:21 Yaḥyá b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Khaṭṭāb reported from his father that ʿUmar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “If a camel were to get lost and die on the river bank of the Euphrates, I fear that Allah would ask me about it.”

قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي عَاصِمُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَاطِبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عُمَرَ قَالَ: «لَوْ مَاتَ جَمَلٌ ضَيَاعًا عَلَى شَطِّ الْفُرَاتِ لَخَشِيتُ أَنْ يَسْأَلَنِي اللَّهُ عَنْهُ»

Ibn Saʿd, al-Ṭabaqāt al-Kubrá 3/305
ابن سعد، الطبقات الكبرى ٣/٣٠٥
https://shamela.ws/book/9351/4413

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2021-11-24 19:30:07 If backbiting of al-ʿāmī (ie: the layman) ranks amongst al-kabāʿir (ie: the major sins), then backbiting of al-ʿālim (ie: the scholar) is much greater.
وإذا كان اغتياب العامي من الناس من كبائر الذنوب فإن اغتياب العالم أكبر وأكبر؛

This is because the effects of backbiting of the scholar does not rest at him only, rather it rests upon him and that which he possesses in knowledge of the Sharīʿah.
لأن اغتياب العالم لا يقتصر ضرره على العالم بل عليه وعلى ما يحمله من العلم الشرعي.

If the people renounce a scholar or if he has fallen in their eyes, then the same will be the case with regards to his words.
والناس إذا زهدوا في العالم أو سقط من أعينهم تسقط كلمته أيضًا.

If he speaks the truth and guides to it, then the backbiting of this scholar becomes an obstacle between the people and his knowledge of the Sharīʿah.
وإذا كان يقول الحق ويهدي إليه فإن غيبة هذا الرجل لهذا العالم تكون حائلا بين الناس وبين علمه الشرعي،

And its dangers are great and considerable.
وهذا خطره كبير وعظيم.

Muḥammad b. Ṣāliḥ al-ʿUthaymīn, Kitāb al-ʿIlm 1/33
ابن عثيمين، العلم للعثيمين ١/٣٣
https://shamela.ws/book/11332/23

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2021-11-24 16:52:48 And he (ie: al-Ḏahabī speaking about himself) authored some books, which were said to be useful.
وجمع تواليف- يقال مفيدة -

The jamāʿah (ie: community) out of their kindness mentions him with praise, but he knows himself better, and how lacking he is in knowledge and al-ʿaml (ie: actions).
والجماعة يتفضلون ويثنون عليه، وهو أخبر بنفسه، وبنقصه في العلم والعمل،

Allah is the One whose help is sought, and there is no might except through Him,
والله المستعان، ولا قوة إلاّ به،

And if only my faith was accepted from me then how victorious will I be.
وإذا سلم لي إيماني فيا فوزي

al-Ḏahabī, al-Tamassuk bi ʿl-Sunani wa ʿl-Taḥḏīr min al-Bidaʿ 1/66
الذهبي، التمسك بالسنن والتحذير من البدع ١/٦٦
https://shamela.ws/book/10321/10

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2021-11-23 19:39:04 This is the type of taqlīd that the pious predecessors and the four Imāms were united in their upbraiding and prohibition of.
وَهَذَا الْقَدْرُ مِنْ التَّقْلِيدِ هُوَ مِمَّا اتَّفَقَ السَّلَفُ وَالْأَئِمَّةُ الْأَرْبَعَةُ عَلَى ذَمِّهِ وَتَحْرِيمِهِ،

As for the taqlīd done by a person who strives to follow what Allah has revealed, yet despite this some parts of it remain obscure to him, so he imitates someone more learned than himself, this is admirable, not deplorable;
وَأَمَّا تَقْلِيدُ مَنْ بَذَلَ جَهْدَهُ فِي اتِّبَاعِ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ وَخَفِيَ عَلَيْهِ بَعْضُهُ فَقَلَّدَ فِيهِ مَنْ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ فَهَذَا مَحْمُودٌ غَيْرُ مَذْمُومٍ،

For this he is rewarded, not punished.
وَمَأْجُورٌ غَيْرُ مَأْزُورٍ

Ibn al-Qayyim, Iʿlām al-Muwaqqʿīn ʿan Rabb al-ʿĀlamīn 2/130
ابن القيم، إعلام الموقعين عن رب العالمين ٢/١٣٠
https://shamela.ws/book/11496/429

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