sᴘᴏᴛ ᴅɪᴀɢɴᴏsɪs

2022-02-16 10:18:49 Open / Comment

2022-02-16 10:12:00 Open / Comment

2022-02-16 09:03:12 Open / Comment

2022-02-13 08:16:16 Open / Comment

2022-02-13 00:22:01 48 yrs old female present with classical symptoms and signs of acute calcular cholecystitis. scheduled for laproscopic Cholecystectomy. Medical Hx significant for HTN. At time of the operation and as the assistant started insufflating the abdomen with CO2, patient heart rate dropped dramatically with an av block visible on the monitor.

#Source:
UWORLD SURGERY Open / Comment

2022-02-12 22:27:38 #Physiology_Flashback:

Hypothalamus produce Gonado-Trophin Releasing Hormone ( GnRH) which in turn stimulate the Pituitary gland to release, the Follicular Stimulating Hormone (FSH) & Leutenizing Hormone (LH). FSH & LH influences the gonads (The testis and the ovaries).


#Notes:
FSH stimulate Sertoli cells(S forS) .
LH stimulate Leydig cells(L for L) .
Leydig cells is an endocrine cells that produces Testesteron.
Sertoli cells produces Androgen binding protien to keep Tetstesteron concentration high within the testis.
Leydig cell tumor is the commonest Stromal Tumors.
Stromal tumor present with painless testicular mass and excessive androgen(estrogen and testesteron).
Gynecomastia, acne and precious puberty are the classical symptoms.
It is not an unusual for leydig cell tumor to secrete #Estrogen.
Tetstesteron important in spermatogenesis, male genital organ development and secondary male sex characteristics.


#Reference:
1)Atlas of Histology by Cui
Page 345- 360.
2)UWORLD Surgery. Open / Comment

2022-02-12 22:09:29 #Histology_Flashback:

Testis has #two compartments:
1- Tubular compartment: seminiferous tubules and genital ducts. #Seminiferous tubules are lined with layers of germinal epithilum in various stages of development ranging from the immature #Spermatogonium to the fully mature mobile #Spermatozoa. considered the functional cells of the testis. Another important cells within this compartments is #Sertoli_Cells known as nurse cells they support and protect the immature gamates from the immune system (they form Blood-Testis barrier).

2 - Intertubular compartment: I.e the interstitial space. Contain lose connective tissue and #Leydig_Cells.

#Covering_of_the_Testis:
From in to out:
1- Tunica Albuginea.
2 - Tunica vaginalis.
4- Scrotum.

#Reference:
Atlas of Histology by Dongmei Cui page 345-360. Open / Comment

2022-02-10 01:15:19 Open / Comment

2022-02-10 01:07:21 Open / Comment

2022-02-08 00:21:38 For Arab Medical students

منصة خاصة بطلبة الطب العرب خصوصا من هم في السودان مرحبا بكم حللتم أهلا ونزلتم سهلا تجدون هنا إن شاء الله كورسات، ورش ومحاضرات أونلاين في متناول الجميع.
يقوم بها كوكبه متميزه من خريجي جامعات السودان مرحب بكم جميعا نرجو أن تعم الفائده.
https://t.me/SpotdiagnosisMedstudents Open / Comment