UPSC Environment Ecology Prelims National Parks

2021-08-18 15:30:05 GANGETIC DOLPHIN

The Ganges river dolphin was officially discovered in 1801. Ganges river dolphins once lived in the Ganges-Brahmaputra- Meghna and Karnaphuli-Sangu river systems of Nepal, India, and Bangladesh. But the species is extinct from most of its early distribution ranges.

The Ganges river dolphin can only live in freshwater and is essentially blind. They hunt by emitting ultrasonic sounds, which bounces off of fish and other prey, enabling them to “see” an image in their mind.

Ganges river dolphins prefer deep waters, in and around the confluence of rivers.

They are classified as Endangered as per the IUCN Red List. Open / Comment

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2021-08-17 19:04:13 ORGANISMAL ECOLOGY

The study of organismal ecology deals with individual organisms and their interactions with other organisms and the environment.

While organismal biology is a division of ecology, it is still a huge field. Each organism experiences a huge variety of interactions in its lifetime, and to study all of them is impossible.

Many scientist studying organismal ecology focus on one aspect of the organism, such as its behavior or how it processes the nutrients of the environment. Open / Comment

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2021-08-17 17:30:08 PRIMARY ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION:

Ecological Succession is the progressive series of changes that leads to an establishment of a relatively stable climax community.

Succession which starts in areas where no living organisms ever existed is called primary succession.

Examples of areas where primary succession occurs are newly cooled lava, bare rock, newly created pond or reservoir etc.

The species that invade a bare area are called pioneer species.

The establishment of a new biotic community is generally slow as it takes natural processes several hundred to several thousand years to produce fertile soil on bare rock. Open / Comment

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2021-08-17 15:30:05 ZABO

The Zabo or Ruza (meaning ‘impounding run-off’) system of Nagaland combines water conservation with forestry, agriculture and animal care.

Rainwater that falls on forested hilltops is collected by channels that deposit the run-off water in pond-like structures created on the terraced hillsides. Open / Comment

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2021-08-16 17:46:12 MOSAIC EXPEDITION

Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition is the largest expedition into the central Arctic exploring the Arctic climate system.

It has been designed by an international consortium of leading polar research institutions, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI), University of Colorado and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES).

The MOSAiC is the all-year-round operation of research icebreaker RV Polarstern, drifting with the natural ice across the central Arctic overwinter 2019-2020.

The data gathered will be used by scientists around the globe for better research and understanding climate. Open / Comment

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