UPSC Environment Ecology Prelims National Parks

2021-08-02 18:30:10 ALLOPATRIC SPECIATION

The physical isolation of the biology population due to the extrinsic barrier is called allopatric speciation.

Allopatric speciation occurs when a population of organisms becomes separated or isolated from their main group due to geographical barriers.

Over time, the new groups consisting of homogenous individuals become subjective to changes via natural selection due to pressure from differences in predators, climate, competitors and resources. Populations can become isolated for a variety of reasons. Open / Comment

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2021-08-02 15:30:04 MASS EXTINCTION

A mass extinction is a global, catastrophic event with more than 65% of all species becoming extinct.

There have been 5 mass extinctions over the past 500 million years and in each case there was a huge loss of biodiversity.

Both environmental and biological factors have led to mass extinctions. The suggested causes include global cooling, falling sea levels, predation and competition.

Our planet is now in the midst of its sixth mass extinction of plants and animals — the sixth wave of extinctions in the past half-billion years. Open / Comment

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2021-08-01 17:39:01 Environment Related Act
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Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981

Biological Diversity Act, 2002

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

National Environment Appellate Authority act -1997

Forest Conservation Act, 1980

Indian Forest Act, 1927

The National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995

National Green Tribunal Act, 2010

Noise Pollution rule, 2000

Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act of 2001

Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991

Wildlife Protection Act of 1972

Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 Open / Comment

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2021-08-01 16:38:10 SULPHUR CYCLE

The Sulphur reservoir is in the soil and sediments where it is locked in organic (coal, oil and peat) and inorganic deposits (pyrite rock and Sulphur rock) in the form of sulphates, Sulfide and organic Sulphur.

It is released by weathering of rocks, erosional runoff and decomposition of organic matter and is carried to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in salt solution.

The Sulphur cycle is mostly sedimentary except two of its compounds hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) and Sulphur dioxide (SO2) add a gaseous component to its normal sedimentary cycle. Open / Comment

2021-08-01 16:37:54 Check The Sample Once Open / Comment

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2021-07-31 15:30:04 SECONDARY ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION

Ecological Succession is the progressive series of changes that leads to an establishment of a relatively stable climax community.

Secondary succession begins in areas where natural biotic communities have been completely or partially destroyed such as in abandoned farm lands, burned or cut forests, lands that have been flooded.

Since some soil or sediment is present, secondary succession is faster than primary succession.

Succession would occur faster in area existing in the middle of the large continent. This is because, here all propagules or seeds of plants belonging to the different series would reach much faster, establish and ultimately result in climax community. Open / Comment